期刊
LIFE-BASEL
卷 12, 期 8, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/life12081149
关键词
nivolumab; pulmonary fibrosis; PD-1 inhibitors; lung cancer; checkpoint inhibitor toxicity
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, but can lead to immune-related adverse events, including lung toxicity. This study describes the clinical, radiological features, and survival of patients with ICI-related lung toxicity. The results showed that the latency of toxicity was not limited to the first year of treatment, emphasizing the importance of long-term follow-up for early diagnosis and appropriate management.
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the therapeutic horizons of various cancers. However, immune-related adverse events have been reported, including interstitial lung diseases. Our aim was to describe the clinical and radiological features and survival of a multicentre cohort of patients who developed ICI-related lung toxicity. Methods: Six Italian centres were involved in the study. Patients who were treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 mAbs and developed ICI-related lung toxicity were recruited retrospectively to study clinical, radiological, immunological and survival data. Results: A total of 41 patients (25 males, 66.8 +/- 9.9 years) were enrolled. Lung toxicity occurred after 204.3 +/- 208.3 days of therapy, with ground glass opacities being the most common HRCT pattern (23 cases). Male sex, lung cancer and acute respiratory failure were associated with a shorter latency of toxicity (p = 0.0030, p = 0.0245 and p = 0.0390, respectively). Patients who required high-flow oxygen therapy showed significantly worse survival (p = 0.0028). Conclusions: Our cohort showed heterogeneous clinical and radiological aspects of ICI-related lung toxicity, with a latency not limited to the first year of treatment. Severity was mainly mild to moderate, although life-threatening events did occur. Our data indicate that strict long-term follow-up is needed to enable early diagnosis and appropriate management.
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