期刊
JOURNAL OF FUNGI
卷 8, 期 7, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jof8070756
关键词
mucormycosis; Rhizopus; monoclonal antibody; biomarker; lateral-flow device
资金
- ISCA Diagnostics Ltd.
A novel and non-invasive method for detecting mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus arrhizus has been developed using a rapid antibody test.
Mucormycosis is a highly aggressive angio-invasive disease of humans caused by fungi in the zygomycete order, Mucorales. Though a number of different species can cause mucormycosis, the principal agent of the disease worldwide is Rhizopus arrhizus, which accounts for the majority of rhinoorbital-cerebral, pulmonary, and disseminated infections in immunocompromised individuals. It is also the main cause of life-threatening infections in patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, and in corticosteroid-treated patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, where it causes the newly described disease, COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM). Diagnosis currently relies on non-specific CT, a lengthy and insensitive culture from invasive biopsy, and a time-consuming histopathology of tissue samples. At present, there are no rapid antigen tests for the disease that detect biomarkers of infection, and which allow point-of-care diagnosis. Here, we report the development of an IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), KC9, which is specific to Rhizopus arrhizus var. arrhizus (syn. Rhizopus oryzae) and Rhizopus arrhizus var. delemar (Rhizopus delemar), and which binds to a 15 kDa extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) antigen secreted during hyphal growth of the pathogen. Using the mAb, we have developed a competitive lateral-flow device (LFD) that allows rapid (30 min) and sensitive (similar to 50 ng/mL running buffer) detection of the EPS biomarker, and which is compatible with human serum (limit of detection of similar to 500 ng/mL) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (limit of detection of similar to 100 ng/mL). The LFD, therefore, provides a potential novel opportunity for the non-invasive detection of mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus arrhizus.
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