4.8 Review

Rare-Earth Single-Atom Catalysts: A New Frontier in Photo/Electrocatalysis

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Guiding CO2RR Selectivity by Compositional Tuning in the Electrochemical Double Layer Published as part of the Accounts of Chemical Research special issue CO2 Reductions via Photo and Electrochemical Processes.

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Summary: This article describes the interfacial design strategies developed in the laboratory to modify the local composition at the electrode-electrolyte interface, in order to influence the selectivity of the electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide. By perturbing the electrochemical double layer and optimizing the carbon porosity, the specific product selectivity of the CO2 reduction reaction can be enhanced. The findings highlight the importance of interfacial engineering and carbon materials in designing selective electrocatalytic systems.

ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2022)

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Graphene-Supported Atomically Dispersed Metals as Bifunctional Catalysts for Next-Generation Batteries Based on Conversion Reactions

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Summary: Next-generation batteries based on conversion reactions have attracted great interest, but improving the efficiency of active agents conversion is crucial. Developing bifunctional catalysts to accelerate conversion kinetics in both discharge and charge processes is urgently needed, with graphene-like carbon-supported atomically dispersed metal catalysts showing promising activity in various electrocatalytic reactions.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Clusters Induced Electron Redistribution to Tune Oxygen Reduction Activity of Transition Metal Single-Atom for Metal-Air Batteries

Hongjiao Huang et al.

Summary: By coating and etching metal clusters, the activity of metal single-atoms can be optimized through electron redistribution and modulation of M-N bond lengths, resulting in enhanced ORR activity. This strategy shows great potential in energy storage devices.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Rare earth La single atoms supported MoO3-x for efficient photocatalytic nitrogen fixation

Xiufan Liu et al.

Summary: The rare-earth La single catalyst, with a well-designed coordination structure, shows excellent catalytic performance in hydrogenation and photocatalysis for nitrogen fixation under visible light, outperforming most reported single atom photocatalysts.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2022)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Rare-Earth Doping in Nanostructured Inorganic Materials

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Summary: Rare-earth doping is a promising method to enhance the properties of materials, such as optical, electronic, catalytic, and magnetic properties. It can improve energy harvesting and conversion efficiency. Understanding the critical role of rare-earth doping is essential for the development of functional nanomaterials and their applications in various fields.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Designing Direct Z-Scheme Heterojunctions Enabled by Edge-Modified Phosphorene Nanoribbons for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting

Yunzhi Gao et al.

Summary: The study constructs a direct Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst using first-principles calculations, demonstrating efficient water splitting through photogenerated charge distribution and ultrafast charge transfer.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Role of Low-Coordinated Ce in Hydride Formation and Selective Hydrogenation Reactions on CeO2 Surfaces

Zhi-Qiang Wang et al.

Summary: Catalysts based on ceria show high activity in selective hydrogenation reactions, with hydride species potentially being generated on various CeO2 surfaces through H-2 dissociation. The stability of hydride species is influenced by the coordination number of surface Ce atoms, with low-coordinated Ce atoms favoring the formation. This study also suggests that metastable H- species can modulate catalytic activity and selectivity by preferentially forming HCOO* intermediates during CO2 hydrogenation.

ACS CATALYSIS (2022)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Interfacial Electrolyte Effects on Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction

Bangwei Deng et al.

Summary: This review focuses on discussing the role and effects of electrolytes on CO2RR, including their compositions and local chemical environment. In-depth investigations on the detection of intermediates during the catalytic reactions are also included. The fundamental understanding of interfacial electrolyte effects is emphasized for maximizing and balancing the catalytic performance of CO2RR.

ACS CATALYSIS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Entanglement of Spatial and Energy Segmentation for C1 Pathways in CO2 Reduction on Carbon Skeleton Supported Atomic Catalysts

Mingzi Sun et al.

Summary: Electroreduction of CO2 is an attractive approach to generate value-added chemicals and fuels. This study explores graphdiyne-based single atomic catalysts and reveals their influences on selectivity and reaction energy, and identifies promising candidates for achieving complex products.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2022)

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Nitrogen vacancies enriched Ce-doped Ni3N hierarchical nanosheets triggering highly-efficient urea oxidation reaction in urea-assisted energy-saving electrolysis

Meng Li et al.

Summary: This article reports a novel and efficient electrocatalyst Ce-Ni3N@CC, which optimizes the UOR kinetics, reduces operation voltage, and provides cost-effective electrons. The catalyst exhibits superior catalytic performance and offers a promising design strategy for the future development of energy-related devices.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Europium single atom based heterojunction photocatalysts with enhanced visible-light catalytic activity

Yin Li et al.

Summary: The study successfully constructed a Eu3+ single atom doped CdS/InVO4 Type-II heterojunction, demonstrating significant catalytic activity in the reduction of CO2 under visible light. Experimental results showed that the single atom Eu3+ could not only enhance the catalytic performance of InVO4 and CdS, but also promote charge separation. This research provides a new idea for the rational design of rare earth monatomic catalysts.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Rare earth element based single-atom catalysts: synthesis, characterization and applications in photo/electro-catalytic reactions

Zhong Liang et al.

Summary: This article summarizes the important role of rare earth elements in single-atom catalysis, focusing on their function as active centers, and provides future prospects.

NANOSCALE HORIZONS (2022)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Electronic Metal Support Interaction Modulation of Single-Atom Electrocatalysts for Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries

Mingjie Wu et al.

Summary: This article provides a detailed review on the recent advances of single-atom catalysts (SACS) with strong electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI) for rechargeable Zn-air batteries. The emphasis is placed on the EMSI forms and design strategies, as well as the importance and impact of the atomic coordinating structure and the substrates on the oxygen electrocatalytic activity and stability. The future directions and perspectives on the development of SACS are also presented.

SMALL METHODS (2022)

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Regulating Electronic Structure of Single-Atom Catalysts toward Efficient Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis

Jiapeng Ji et al.

Summary: The electronic structure of single-atom catalysts (SACS) plays a critical role in bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis. In this study, the electronic structure was effectively adjusted by introducing a heterogenous metal that bonded directly to the active center atom. This adjustment resulted in optimized binding energy and reduced energy barriers for catalytic reactions. Theoretical calculations confirmed these effects and the uniform distribution of 3d orbitals, which improved the bifunctional oxygen electrocatalytic reactivity. The constructed bifunctional catalyst exhibited outstanding electrocatalytic performances in various energy storage systems. The generality and expandability of this strategy were demonstrated by the successful development of other dual-metal catalysts systems with different active metals.

SMALL METHODS (2022)

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Surface chemical reconstruction of hierarchical hollow inverse-spinel manganese cobalt oxide boosting oxygen evolution reaction

Chuang Fan et al.

Summary: This study proposes an effective and novel surface chemical reconstruction strategy to optimize the electrocatalytic performance of inverse-spinel manganese cobalt oxide (MnCo2O4) towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The strategy involves the synthesis of MnCo2O4/CeO2 heterostructure through a facile and effective method, which triggers surface chemical reconstruction, creates more active sites, and improves catalytic activity and stability.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Rare earth praseodymium-based single atom catalyst for high performance CO2 reduction reaction

Fangzhen Hu et al.

Summary: Rare earth single-atom catalysts (SACs) have excellent catalytic performance in CO2 reduction reactions, improving the selectivity and utilization of CO. This study reports a rare earth praseodymium SAC with high FECO value, and confirms the critical role of isolated atoms on the substrate in enhancing catalytic performance.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Boosting Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution over Ce-Co9S8 Core-Shell Nanoneedle Arrays by Electronic and Architectural Dual Engineering

Kun Liu et al.

Summary: A Ce-doped Co9S8 core-shell nanoneedle array catalyst has been designed using a dual electronic and architectural engineering strategy, which accelerates the kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction. It exhibits remarkable performance, stability, and selectivity, making it suitable for economical water electrolysis.

CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL (2022)

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Xuan Wang et al.

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CHEM CATALYSIS (2022)

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Summary: In this study, a single-atom catalyst consisting of zinc atoms anchored on a two-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheet was constructed for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Both experimental and theoretical analyses revealed that the catalyst exhibited high intrinsic activity due to the unique electronic properties of the zinc atoms. Compared to three-dimensional structures, the use of a two-dimensional carbon nanosheet increased the exposure of active sites and facilitated electron transport, resulting in enhanced ORR performance.

CHEM CATALYSIS (2022)

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Square-pyramidal Fe-N4 with defect-modulated O-coordination: Two-tier electronic structure fine-tuning for enhanced oxygen reduction

Xuehai Tan et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates a two-tier electronic modulation strategy to optimize the Fe center in iron phthalocyanine (FePc) for improved performance in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). By using defect-modulated oxygen coordination, the researchers achieved an atomically dispersed FePc-O-defect catalyst with significantly enhanced ORR performances. The catalyst exhibited the highest reported values among non-precious metal electrocatalysts, exceeding the baseline with bare oxygen coordination.

CHEM CATALYSIS (2022)

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Kuang-Hsu Wu et al.

Summary: Modulating the steric-electronic configuration of metal-organic centers is key for tuning the activity and selectivity of heterogeneous reactions. In this study, three different asymmetric metal-organic complexes with unique steric-electronic structures are immobilized on nanocarbon for an electron-transfer-controlled oxygen reduction reaction. The results show that acidic diamine ligands facilitate a four-electron transfer, while basic ligands drive a highly selective two-electron route, regulated by the ligand's proton transfer ability.

CHEM CATALYSIS (2022)

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Hierarchically mesoporous carbon spheres coated with a single atomic Fe-N-C layer for balancing activity and mass transfer in fuel cells

Chengyong Shu et al.

Summary: The article introduces a novel Fe-N-C catalyst consisting of mono-dispersed hierarchically mesoporous carbon sphere cores and single Fe atom-dispersed functional shells. A synergistic effect between highly dispersed Fe-active sites and well-organized porous structures yields a combination of high ORR activity and high mass transfer performance.

CARBON ENERGY (2022)

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Design of Local Atomic Environments in Single-Atom Electrocatalysts for Renewable Energy Conversions

Tao Sun et al.

Summary: Single-atom electrocatalysts (SAECs) have gained significant research interest for their remarkable catalytic responses, which are closely related to their specific metal species and local atomic environments. The diverse chemical bonding configurations of SAECs offer limitless opportunities for rational design and synthesis. The review critically examines the role of local atomic structures in designing high-performance SAECs and discusses the challenges and prospects in the field.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Dynamic Activation of Adsorbed Intermediates via Axial Traction for the Promoted Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Xinyue Wang et al.

Summary: An axial traction strategy was developed to optimize the electronic structure of the M-N-4 moiety, leading to atomically dispersed nickel sites coordinated with four nitrogen atoms and one axial oxygen atom embedded within the carbon matrix (Ni-N-4-O/C). This Ni-N-4-O/C electrocatalyst exhibited excellent CO2RR performance with a high CO Faradic efficiency close to 100% at -0.9 V, maintaining the CO FE above 90% in a wide potential window. The superior CO2RR activity is attributed to the axial traction effect induced by the Ni-N-4-O active moiety.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

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Atomically Dispersed Reactive Centers for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction and Water Splitting

Huabin Zhang et al.

Summary: Developing electrocatalytic energy conversion technologies using single-atom catalysts holds great promise in addressing fossil fuel exhaustion and environmental issues. The rational design of coordination and microenvironments significantly impacts the reaction mechanisms and catalytic performance of SACs. Recent advancements in atomically dispersed reactive centers for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction and water splitting show potential for future research and application of SACs in energy conversion.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

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Computational Methods in Heterogeneous Catalysis

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Summary: Computational heterogeneous catalysis shows great promise for designing and discovering novel catalysts, with recent advances in electronic structure methods, atomistic catalyst models, and microkinetic modeling bridging the gap between nanoscale insights and macroscale experimental data. Remaining challenges include improving model accuracy and addressing discrepancies between experimental and computational results.

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Single-Atom (Iron-Based) Catalysts: Synthesis and Applications

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Summary: Supported single-metal atom catalysts consist of isolated active metal centers heterogenized on inert supports, offering control over their thermal stability, electronic properties, and catalytic activities through interactions with neighboring heteroatoms. The atomic dispersion of the catalytic centers reduces the required amount of metal and enables control over selectivity and catalyst turnover frequency.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2021)

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Unraveling CO adsorption on model single-atom catalysts

Jan Hulva et al.

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SCIENCE (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

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Xin Li et al.

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SMALL METHODS (2021)

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Identifying the Activity Origin of a Cobalt Single-Atom Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Using Supervised Learning

Xinghui Liu et al.

Summary: This study reveals that the activity of graphene-based Co single-atom catalysts towards hydrogen evolution reaction is attributed to their edge sites, and edge-rich Co single atoms were synthesized based on theoretical results. By applying supervised learning techniques, the measured synchrotron spectrum of Co single atoms was interpreted, showing consistent local environments with Athena fitting. Moreover, the edge-rich Co single-atom catalysts exhibit better electrocatalytic performance than commercial Pt/C at high current density, indicating the potential for rational design and structural analysis of nanocatalysts.

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Summary: This review mainly discusses the construction of ordered graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-based materials by melamine self-assembly, reviewing and discussing the process from the perspectives of material source and product shape. The effects of molecular structure, solution environment, synthesis methods, and the presence of other substances on the self-assembly behavior are explored, and the synthesis mechanisms are presented from multiple sides.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

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Correlation between Electronic Configuration and Magnetic Stability in Dysprosium Single Atom Magnets

Fabio Donati et al.

Summary: By using X-ray absorption spectroscopy, the electronic configuration of dysprosium atoms on MgO(100) thin films can be adjusted by changing the MgO thickness from 2.5 to 9 monolayers, resulting in different magnetic stabilities. Hysteresis loops indicate long magnetic lifetimes for both configurations.

NANO LETTERS (2021)

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Use of rare earth elements in single-atom site catalysis: A critical review - Commemorating the 100th anniversary of the birth of Academician Guangxian Xu

Ningqiang Zhang et al.

Summary: Rare earth metals have potential applications in catalysis, with a focus on single-atom site catalysts (SASCs). However, systematic data analyses are still limited, but there is great potential for future developments in the field of catalysis.

JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS (2021)

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Regulated coordination environment of Ni single atom catalyst toward high-efficiency oxygen electrocatalysis for rechargeable Zinc-air batteries

Fang Luo et al.

Summary: A secondary single-atom regulation strategy was developed to optimize the coordination environment of single atom Ni catalysts by introducing atomically dispersed Fe moieties, resulting in highly efficient oxygen electrocatalysis. The Fe, Ni dual atom catalyst showed superior performance in oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and rechargeable zinc-air batteries, indicating its potential for practical applications in energy storage devices.

ENERGY STORAGE MATERIALS (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Tunable CO/H2 ratios of electrochemical reduction of CO2 through the Zn-Ln dual atomic catalysts

Zhong Liang et al.

Summary: The study successfully synthesized a series of single and dual atomic catalysts, adjusting the CO/H-2 ratio in the produced syngas. The ZnLa-1/CN catalyst showed good stability and a high faradaic efficiency of up to 80% in producing syngas. Theoretical calculations confirmed the roles of Zn and La in determining CO and H-2 formation, providing a promising strategy for the development of more controllable CO2RR atomic catalysts.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Machine Learning in Screening High Performance Electrocatalysts for CO2 Reduction

Ning Zhang et al.

Summary: This paper reviews the development of machine learning methods in screening CO2 reduction electrocatalysts, which can predict and understand the catalytic activity and reaction pathway of various materials. Machine learning is recognized as a fast and low-cost method for effectively exploring high performance electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction.

SMALL METHODS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Highly Dispersive Cerium Atoms on Carbon Nanowires as Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysts for Zn-Air Batteries

Jin-Cheng Li et al.

Summary: This study introduces a single-atom Ce-NC catalyst, which boosts the activity of oxygen reduction reaction by anchoring atomically dispersed cerium on Ndoped porous carbon nanowires. The catalyst exhibits high activity with ORR half-wave potentials comparable to Fe-N-C catalysts, and shows excellent performance and durability in a zinc-air battery. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that atomically dispersed cerium can significantly reduce the energy barrier of the rate-determining step, leading to improved ORR activity.

NANO LETTERS (2021)

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Single Atomic Cerium Sites with a High Coordination Number for Efficient Oxygen Reduction in Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Mengzhao Zhu et al.

Summary: The study introduces a hard-template method to synthesize rare-earth single cerium-atom-doped metal-organic frameworks with a hierarchically macro-meso-microporous structure, demonstrated by spherical aberration correction electron microscopy. The Ce sites embedded in the hierarchically macromeso-microporous N-doped carbon catalyst show high half-wave potential and power density in the oxygen reduction reaction.

ACS CATALYSIS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Atomically Dispersed Iron Metal Site in a Porphyrin-Based Metal-Organic Framework for Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation

Shanshan Shang et al.

Summary: The rational design of a porphyrin-based metal-organic framework (PMOF) with Fe as the active center for N-2 reduction reaction (NRR) under ambient conditions shows promise for efficient ammonia production. The catalyst exhibits high stability, ideal N-2 activation, and significant enhancement in NH3 yield and production rate, making it a potential candidate for use in artificial photosynthesis and revolutionizing ammonia production.

ACS NANO (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Dual Functions of CO2 Molecular Activation and 4f Levels as Electron Transport Bridge in Dysprosium Single Atom Composite Photocatalysts with Enhanced Visible-Light Photoactivities

Yue Zhao et al.

Summary: The study successfully constructed Dy3+ single atom composite photocatalysts and achieved significant enhancement of photocatalytic activity by providing an efficient electron transfer pathway and fully utilizing the characteristics of rare-earth single atoms and 4f levels.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Rational Design of Single-Atom Site Electrocatalysts: From Theoretical Understandings to Practical Applications

Yao Wang et al.

Summary: This paper systematically summarizes the fundamental understandings and intrinsic mechanisms underlying single-atom site electrocatalysts (SACs) and their electrocatalytic applications, including different preparation strategies and applications. It also discusses in depth the structure-performance relationship between SACs and electrocatalytic reactions, as well as enhancement mechanisms.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Carbon Nitride Supported High-Loading Fe Single-Atom Catalyst for Activating of Peroxymonosulfate to Generate 1O2 with 100 % Selectivity

Long-Shuai Zhang et al.

Summary: A novel catalyst Fe-1/CN was developed to achieve 100% selective production of O-1(2) through activation of PMS, enabling highly selective and efficient degradation of organic pollutants.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Factors that influence hydrogen binding at metal-atop sites

Huiling Zheng et al.

Summary: The d-band model, while effective for understanding trends in the chemisorption of various adsorbates on transition metal surfaces, does not always correlate well with hydrogen adsorption at the atop site. A new model incorporating factors such as d-band center, filling of the d-band, renormalized adsorbate states, coupling matrix elements, and surface-adsorbate bond lengths has been proposed to explain H binding energies on both mono- and bimetallic (111) surfaces. The strong adsorption of H at the atop sites of 5d metal surfaces can be explained by their lower repulsive contribution, as shown in the research results.

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

DFT plus U Study of Strain-Engineered CO2 Reduction on a CeO2-x (111) Facet

Jens Vive Kildgaard et al.

Summary: The study found that tensile strain decreases the energy for oxygen vacancy formation on CeO2(111) surface, leading to a higher turnover frequency. Meanwhile, compressive strain can reduce the energetic span of the reduction reaction by upshifting the Ce f-band center.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Tuning the Coordination Environment to Effect the Electrocatalytic Behavior of a Single-Atom Catalyst toward the Nitrogen Reduction Reaction

Xin Li et al.

Summary: This study investigates the impact of modifying the coordinating environment of manganese single-atom catalysts on the performance of electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction using density functional theory. The results show that N-doped graphene as a support significantly enhances the catalytic behavior, while the unsaturated form of N-doping and introduction of extra heteroatoms also improve performance.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Chemical vapour deposition of Fe-N-C oxygen reduction catalysts with full utilization of dense Fe-N4 sites

Li Jiao et al.

Summary: Replacing scarce and expensive platinum with metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cells has been impeded by the low active site density and site utilization of M-N-C. These limitations have now been overcome by implementing trans-metalation of Zn-N-4 sites into Fe-N-4 sites.

NATURE MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Erbium Single Atom Composite Photocatalysts for Reduction of CO2 under Visible Light: CO2 Molecular Activation and 4f Levels as an Electron Transport Bridge

Zhendong Han et al.

Summary: A stable and efficient catalyst for visible-light CO2 reduction, Er3+ single atom composite photocatalysts Zn2GeO4:Er3+/g-C3N4, enhances catalytic efficiency by more than five times compared to pure g-C3N4, without sacrificial agents. The pattern of combining single-atom catalysis and heterojunction opens up new methods for enhancing photocatalytic activity, providing an efficient way of electron transfer to promote charge separation.
Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Insights into the Interfacial Lewis Acid-Base Pairs in CeO2-Loaded CoS2 Electrocatalysts for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution

Jiayuan Li et al.

Summary: The Lewis acid-base Ce···S pairs at the interface of CeO2-loaded CoS2 nanowire array electrodes effectively enhance catalytic activity and durability in alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction, reducing overpotential and maintaining activity stability over extended periods.
Review Chemistry, Physical

Single-Atom Catalysts Designed and Prepared by the Atomic Layer Deposition Technique

Javier Fonseca et al.

Summary: The article systematically introduces the application of atomic layer deposition technology in the synthesis of single-atom catalysts, explores the research on metal dimers prepared by ALD, describes the fundamental mechanism of ALD, and discusses the characteristics of catalysts.

ACS CATALYSIS (2021)

Article Energy & Fuels

Pt/Fe2O3 with Pt-Fe pair sites as a catalyst for oxygen reduction with ultralow Pt loading

Ruijie Gao et al.

Summary: The study focuses on loading platinum onto α-Fe2O3 to create a highly active and stable catalyst with dispersed Pt-Fe pair sites, which exhibits excellent catalytic performance and cycling stability in alkaline conditions.

NATURE ENERGY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Understanding the inter-site distance effect in single-atom catalysts for oxygen electroreduction

Zhaoyu Jin et al.

Summary: Regulating the site density of single-atom catalysts can significantly improve electrocatalysis performance, such as the oxygen reduction reaction. Strong interactions between adjacent Fe-N-4 moieties can enhance intrinsic ORR activity, with a marked improvement continuing until neighbouring Fe atoms approach as close as about 0.7 nm. Identifying the fundamental mechanism of the inter-site distance effect in Fe-N-4 catalysts may maximize the potential of densely populated SACs.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Analysis of the limitations in the oxygen reduction activity of transition metal oxide surfaces

Hao Li et al.

Summary: The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for fuel cell performance, with TMOs offering operational stability but lower activity compared to Pt-based electrocatalysts. The challenges in finding TMOs with high ORR activity lie in weaker oxygen binding on TMO surfaces and stronger electric field effects, making O-O bond breaking difficult. Experimental screening of 7,798 unique TMO compositions confirmed their lower activity compared to Pt.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

In Situ Analytical Techniques for the Investigation of Material Stability and Interface Dynamics in Electrocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Applications

Sahar Pishgar et al.

Summary: Electrocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry are crucial to technologies like fuel cells, electrolysis, and solar fuels. Material stability and interfacial phenomena play a central role in the performance and long-term viability of these technologies. In situ electrochemical characterization techniques allow researchers to observe dynamic phenomena in liquid environments, providing insights into material stability and interfacial properties in operational conditions.

SMALL METHODS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Designed Synthesis and Catalytic Mechanisms of Non-Precious Metal Single-Atom Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Miaomiao Tong et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the recent advances in synthetic strategies for single-atom catalysts, discussing the impact of various coordination environments on the intrinsic ORR activity of catalysts and clarifying electrocatalytic mechanisms through density functional theory calculations and advanced characterization technologies.

SMALL METHODS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Single-atom heterogeneous photocatalysts

Yang Xia et al.

Summary: Single-atom photocatalysts, with isolated metal atoms anchored on semiconductor supports, exhibit outstanding catalytic activity and maximum atom utilization efficiency, making them suitable for various photocatalytic reactions. Recent research has focused on their properties, geometric structures, synthetic strategies, characterization techniques, and photocatalytic applications.

CHEM CATALYSIS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Precise regulation of pyrrole-type single-atom Mn-N4 sites for superior pH-universal oxygen reduction

Lei Yan et al.

Summary: The study designed and fabricated ultrathin carbon nanosheet-supported Mn single-atom catalysts with a precise configuration, displaying outstanding ORR activity and high stability.

CARBON ENERGY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Dual functions of CO2 molecular activation and 4f levels as electron transport bridges in erbium single atom composite photocatalysts therefore enhancing visible-light photoactivities

Qiuyu Chen et al.

Summary: By constructing Er3+ single atom composite photocatalysts, a novel enhanced photocatalytic mechanism was proposed, in which Er single-atoms play dual roles of an energy transfer bridge and activating CO2 to promote charge separation, resulting in significantly improved photocatalytic performance for CO2 reduction reaction.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Recent progress on precious metal single atom materials for water splitting catalysis

Lei Zhou et al.

Summary: Electrochemical water splitting using precious metal-based single atomic catalysts (PMSACs) has attracted significant interest due to its potential for sustainable energy resources and environmental benefits. This review summarizes recent research on developing SACs with excellent performance for water splitting catalysis, including synthesis strategies, characterization techniques, and discussions on the relationship between electronic structure and catalytic performance. Opportunities and challenges for the development of novel PMSACs suitable for electrochemical water splitting applications are also highlighted.

SUSMAT (2021)

Article Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Valence electrons in lanthanide-based single-atom magnets: a paradigm shift in 4f-magnetism modeling and design†

Vasilii Dubrovin et al.

Summary: This study provides a rational explanation of the electronic structure and magnetic properties of lanthanide single atomic magnets, filling the gap in theoretical understanding and emphasizing the need for new paradigms in understanding and interpreting these systems.

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Gd-induced electronic structure engineering of a NiFe-layered double hydroxide for efficient oxygen evolution

Meng Li et al.

Summary: Rare earth elements have recently attracted attention as effective promoters in electrocatalysis due to their partially filled 4f orbitals. A new type of Gd-doped hybrid electrocatalyst, Gd-NiFe-LDH@CC, was designed and developed through a one-step hydrothermal approach. The Gd doping enhanced the OER performance by optimizing the electronic structure of NiFe-LDH, increasing oxygen vacancies, and improving binding strength of intermediate species such as HOO*. Additionally, the Gd-NiFe-LDH@CC exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity and stability for the OER compared to NiFe-LDH@CC and commercial RuO2.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Photocatalytic and electrocatalytic transformations of C1 molecules involving C-C coupling

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