Cation-doped ZnS catalysts for polysulfide conversion in lithium-sulfur batteries

Catalytic conversion of polysulfides is regarded as a crucial approach to enhancing kinetics and suppressing the shuttle effect in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. However, the activity prediction of Li-S catalysts remains elusive owing to the lack of mechanistic understanding of activity descriptors. Here, we report a volcano-shaped relationship between polysulfide adsorption ability and catalytic activity. In conjunction with theoretical analysis, we distinguish catalytic and anchoring effects to delineate the role of adsorption and emphasize the passivation of catalysts. These findings enable us to develop a composite catalyst, Co0.125Zn0.875S, which shows higher performance than simple binary compounds. Such a fundamental understanding of the intrinsic link between polysulfide adsorption and catalytic activity offers a rational viewpoint for designing Li-S catalysts and tuning their activities.

Automated summary

By studying the relationship between polysulfide adsorption ability and catalytic activity, researchers have discovered a volcano-shaped relationship. The study distinguishes between catalytic and anchoring effects, providing insights into the role of adsorption and catalyst passivation. These findings offer a rational viewpoint for designing and tuning the activity of Li-S catalysts.