期刊
PLANTS-BASEL
卷 11, 期 11, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/plants11111506
关键词
calcium; calmodulin; calmodulin-like protein; gene family; Ginkgo biloba; transcriptional expression
资金
- Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province, China [1808085MC58]
- Innovation Practice Project of Undergraduate Students of Anhui Agricultural University, China [XJDC2020336]
This study revealed the characteristics of the CAM/CML family in Ginkgo biloba, including their distribution in the genome, sequence diversity, and expression patterns. The results showed that Ginkgo CAMs/CMLs may have certain conservation and diversity in evolution and expression. Transgenic experiments and electrophoresis mobility shift assays demonstrated the role of the Gb_30819 gene in Ca2+ binding activity.
Calmodulins (CAMs) and calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) can participate in the regulation of various physiological processes via sensing and decoding Ca2+ signals. To reveal the characteristics of the CAM/CML family in Ginkgo biloba, a comprehensive analysis was performed at the genome-wide level. A total of 26 CAMs/CMLs, consisting of 5 GbCAMs and 21 GbCMLs, was identified on 11 out of 12 chromosomes in G. biloba. They displayed a certain degree of multiplicity in their sequences, albeit with conserved EF hands. Collinearity analysis suggested that tandem rather than segmental or whole-genome duplications were likely to play roles in the evolution of the Ginkgo CAM/CML family. Furthermore, GbCAMs/GbCMLs were grouped into higher, lower, and moderate expression in magnitude. The cis-acting regulatory elements involved in phytohormone-responsiveness within GbCAM/GbCML promotors may explain their varied expression profiles. The ectopic expression of a GbCML gene (Gb_30819) in transgenic Arabidopsis led to phenotypes with significantly shortened root length and seedling height, and decreased yields of both pods and seeds. Moreover, an electrophoresis mobility shift assay demonstrated the Ca2+-binding activity of Gb_30819 in vitro. Altogether, these results contribute to insights into the characteristics of the evolution and expression of GbCAMs/GbCMLs, as well as evidence for Ca2+-CAM/CML pathways functioning within the ancient gymnosperm G. biloba.
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