A Complete Review of Mexican Plants with Teratogenic Effects

In Mexico, the use of medicinal plants is the first alternative to treat the diseases of the most economically vulnerable population. Therefore, this review offers a list of Mexican plants (native and introduced) with teratogenic effects and describes their main alterations, teratogenic compounds, and the models and doses used. Our results identified 63 species with teratogenic effects (19 native) and the main alterations that were found in the nervous system and axial skeleton, induced by compounds such as alkaloids, terpenes, and flavonoids. Additionally, a group of hallucinogenic plants rich in alkaloids employed by indigenous groups without teratogenic studies were identified. Our conclusion shows that several of the identified species are employed in Mexican traditional medicine and that the teratogenic species most distributed in Mexico are Astragalus mollissimus, Astragalus lentiginosus, and Lupinus formosus. Considering the total number of plants in Mexico (approximate to 29,000 total vascular plants), to date, existing research in the area shows that Mexican plants with teratogenic effects represent approximate to 0.22% of the total species of these in the country. This indicates a clear need to intensify the evaluation of the teratogenic effect of Mexican plants.

Automated summary

The use of medicinal plants in Mexico is crucial for treating diseases among the economically vulnerable population, but there are potential risks of teratogenic effects from certain plants, especially affecting the nervous system and axial skeleton. Research shows that approximately 0.22% of Mexican plants have teratogenic effects, indicating a need for more evaluation in this area.