Research Updates of Plasmid-Mediated Aminoglycoside Resistance 16S rRNA Methyltransferase

With the wide spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria, a variety of aminoglycosides have been used in clinical practice as one of the effective options for antimicrobial combinations. However, in recent years, the emergence of high-level resistance against pan-aminoglycosides has worsened the status of antimicrobial resistance, so the production of 16S rRNA methyltransferase (16S-RMTase) should not be ignored as one of the most important resistance mechanisms. What is more, on account of transferable plasmids, the horizontal transfer of resistance genes between pathogens becomes easier and more widespread, which brings challenges to the treatment of infectious diseases and infection control of drug-resistant bacteria. In this review, we will make a presentation on the prevalence and genetic environment of 16S-RMTase encoding genes that lead to high-level resistance to aminoglycosides.

Automated summary

Antimicrobial resistance is a major concern in modern healthcare, with the emergence of 16S-RMTase encoding genes being a significant mechanism for aminoglycoside resistance. The transferable plasmids contribute to the widespread spread of resistance genes among bacteria, posing challenges for the treatment of infectious diseases and infection control.