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Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Makda S. Gebre et al.
Summary: In non-human primates, the second-generation mRNA vaccine CV2CoV was found to induce higher levels of immune responses and provide stronger protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants compared to CVnCoV. The optimization of non-coding regions greatly improved the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the non-modified mRNA vaccine in non-human primates.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Baoqi Zeng et al.
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC). The results showed that full vaccination was highly effective against the Alpha variant and moderately effective against the Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants. Booster vaccination was more effective against the Delta and Omicron variants. mRNA vaccines appeared to have higher effectiveness against the VOC compared to other vaccines.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wing Ying Au et al.
Summary: The study evaluates the effectiveness of heterologous and homologous COVID-19 vaccine regimens in preventing COVID-19 infections, hospital admissions, and death. Results show that a three-dose mRNA vaccine regimen is most effective against asymptomatic and symptomatic COVID-19 infections, while a homologous two-dose mRNA regimen is highly effective in preventing severe COVID-19 infections.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Hangtian Guo et al.
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, which has a high number of spike mutations, is dominant worldwide and evades existing vaccines and antibody drugs. A cryo-electron microscopy structure of the Omicron spike bound to ACE2 reveals how it escapes therapeutics. Structures of Omicron, Delta, and wild-type spikes bound to a patient-derived Fab antibody fragment demonstrate that antibody binding is greatly attenuated by Omicron mutations, allowing spike to bind ACE2. These findings provide insights into potential strategies for the development of therapeutic antibodies.
Review
Immunology
Haoyue Cheng et al.
Summary: A prime-boost strategy of COVID-19 vaccines can effectively enhance immune responses. Heterologous immunization is more effective than homologous immunization, and the combination of inactivated-mRNA vaccines has the highest antibody responses. Currently, only individuals primed with inactivated vaccines require a booster dose.
Article
Immunology
Cassandra Aldrich et al.
Summary: Immune responses to rabies virus glycoprotein (RABV-G)-mRNA vaccine were dependent on the route of administration, necessitating specialized devices. The results showed that the 1 or 2 microgram doses were well tolerated and elicited rabies neutralizing antibody responses that met WHO criteria in all recipients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran et al.
Summary: New variants of SARS-CoV-2 show high resistance to vaccine neutralization, with some able to escape vaccine responses with just a few mutations, highlighting the importance of developing broadly protective measures against variants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daming Zhou et al.
Summary: The race to develop vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1, is ongoing as these variants have mutations in the spike protein, potentially leading to immune escape. A structure-function analysis of B.1.351 revealed tighter ACE2 binding and widespread evasion from monoclonal antibody neutralization, particularly driven by the E484K mutation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Houriiyah Tegally et al.
Summary: The article describes a newly emerged lineage of SARS-CoV-2, 501Y.V2, characterized by eight mutations in the spike protein, which may result in increased transmissibility or immune escape. This lineage originated in South Africa and quickly became dominant in Eastern Cape, Western Cape, and KwaZuluNatal provinces within weeks.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Muik et al.
Summary: A new SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 has emerged in the UK, which is more transmissible and faster spreading than other strains. However, a study found that the BNT162b2 vaccine offers largely preserved protection against the B.1.1.7 lineage, despite some reduced neutralizing titers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Markus Hoffmann et al.
Summary: The emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants may exhibit resistance to existing neutralizing antibodies and treatments, which could have significant implications for pandemic containment efforts.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wanwisa Dejnirattisai et al.
Summary: Ending the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic requires global vaccination. New virus strains with mutations impact antibody responses, but some variants are less resistant than others. A monoclonal antibody can neutralize different variants and partially restore neutralization potency for other public antibodies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
S. A. Madhi et al.
Summary: The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine did not provide significant protection against mild-to-moderate Covid-19 caused by the B.1.351 variant, with an efficacy of 10.4%. The incidence of serious adverse events was balanced between the vaccine and placebo groups.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Susanne Rauch et al.
Summary: mRNA technologies have shown clinical efficacy against COVID-19, with the CVnCoV vaccine demonstrating strong immune responses and protection against SARS-CoV-2 in preclinical studies. Overall, CVnCoV represents a potent and safe candidate for a COVID-19 vaccine.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Delphine Planas et al.
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Delta variant, first identified in India in 2020, has become dominant in some regions and is spreading to many countries. This variant shows resistance to certain monoclonal antibodies and antibodies in convalescent sera, as well as reduced neutralization by some COVID-19 vaccines. Administration of two doses of the vaccine is needed for a neutralizing response against the Delta variant.
Article
Microbiology
Ria Lassauniere et al.
Summary: In addition to humans, SARS-CoV-2 can also infect various animals, with mink being particularly susceptible. The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 in mink farms in Denmark led to concerns over virus mutations and transmission back to humans.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert N. Kirchdoerfer et al.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2018)
Review
Immunology
Susanne Rauch et al.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jesper Pallesen et al.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2017)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lothar Stitz et al.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2017)
Article
Immunology
Johannes Lutz et al.
Article
Oncology
Hubert Kuebler et al.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2015)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mariola Fotin-Mleczek et al.
JOURNAL OF GENE MEDICINE
(2012)
Article
Oncology
Mariola Fotin-Mleczek et al.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2011)
