Characterization of a Wheat-Dasypyrum breviaristatum Chromosome Addition and Its Derived Progenies Carrying Novel Dasypyrum-Specific Gliadin Genes

The construction of the 28-chromosome karyotype of Dasypyrum breviaristatum was undertaken using multicolor non-denaturing fluorescent in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) and Oligo-FISH painting protocols. A novel wheat-D. breviaristatum line D2138 contained 44 chromosomes including a pair of D. breviaristatum 6V(b)S.2V(b)L translocation chromosomes. Individual F-2 and F-3 progenies of a cross between D2138 with wheat lines CM62, MY11 and JM22, respectively, were characterized using ND-FISH and molecular markers. A relatively high chromosome alteration rate within wheat and D. breviaristatum 6V(b)S and 2V(b)L was observed in the three progeny populations, suggesting that chromosome 6V(b)S.2V(b)L has a gametocidal-like gene. The different types of translocation and deletion lines allowed localization of D. breviaristatum-specific gliadin coding genes on sub-telomeric regions of 6V(b)S by PCR and acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. The positive effect of the D. breviaristatum 6V(b)S on agronomic and quality characters was also demonstrated. The new wheat-D. breviaristatum 6V(b)S and 2V(b)L translocation lines will be useful as novel germplasm for breeding purposes.

Automated summary

The construction of the 28-chromosome karyotype of Dasypyrum breviaristatum was successfully achieved using ND-FISH and Oligo-FISH protocols. High chromosome alteration rate was observed in the progeny populations containing the 6V(b)S.2V(b)L translocation chromosomes, suggesting the presence of a gametocidal-like gene. Specific gliadin coding genes were localized on sub-telomeric regions of 6V(b)S. The positive effect of 6V(b)S on agronomic and quality characters was demonstrated. These new translocation lines will serve as valuable germplasm for breeding purposes.