Testing Two Somatic Cell Count Cutoff Values for Bovine Subclinical Mastitis Detection Based on Milk Microbiota and Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Transcriptome Profile

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Consumption of Supplementary Inulin Modulates Milk Microbiota and Metabolites in Dairy Cows with Subclinical Mastitis

Yue Wang et al.

Summary: The intake of inulin can modulate the composition of milk microbiota and metabolites in dairy cows, which provides an alternative for the regulation and mitigation of subclinical mastitis.

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Microbiome differential abundance methods produce different results across 38 datasets

Jacob T. Nearing et al.

Summary: Identifying differentially abundant microbes is a common goal in microbiome studies. However, there are few studies systematically comparing the performance of different methods. This study compares 14 differential abundance testing methods and finds that ALDEx2 and ANCOM-II produce the most consistent results.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Immunology

Variation of Serum Uric Acid Is Associated With Gut Microbiota in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Weifeng Zhang et al.

Summary: Diabetes mellitus is closely associated with a disordered gut microbiome, and this study reveals a correlation between uric acid levels and gut microbiota in diabetic patients. The gut microbiota and metabolic pathways showed significant differences between the elevated uric acid group and the low uric acid groups. The findings suggest that targeting the gut microbiome could be helpful for managing elevated uric acid levels.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

Early inflammatory events of mastitis-a pilot study with the isolated perfused bovine udder

Kathrin Susanne Brand et al.

Summary: Instillation of 1 mg LPS into isolated perfused bovine udders led to increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, with a distinct increase in mediator expression after 6 hours. Time-dependent increase in IL-1β protein was observed, while IL-6 remained unchanged within 6 hours of LPS instillation, suggesting a potential use of these isolated udders for studying early inflammatory events of mastitis.

BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Allergy

Association of the Gut Microbiome and Metabolome with Wheeze Frequency in Childhood Asthma

Kathleen Lee-Sarwar et al.

JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science

Integrative analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression profiles reveals important epigenetic genes related to milk production traits in dairy cattle

Wanting Dong et al.

Summary: Epigenetic modifications play a critical role in various biological processes, but little is known about their role in milk production traits in dairy cattle. Through epigenome-wide study and gene expression analysis, potential candidate genes related to milk production traits were identified, revealing differential methylation and gene expression patterns between high and low performing cows in dry and lactation periods.

JOURNAL OF ANIMAL BREEDING AND GENETICS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Integrative microbiomics in bronchiectasis exacerbations

Micheal Mac Aogain et al.

Summary: Bronchiectasis patients at greater risk of exacerbation exhibit less complex microbial co-occurrence networks, reduced diversity, and higher levels of antagonistic interactions in their airway microbiome. Incorporating microbial interaction data improves clinical prediction models for exacerbation risk. Antimicrobial strategies could potentially target interaction networks rather than individual microbes, offering a new approach to understanding respiratory infections.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

Associations between different udder health groups defined based on a combination of total and differential somatic cell count and the future udder health status of dairy cows

Daniel Schwarz et al.

Summary: The study aims to investigate the extent to which UHG aids in determining different statuses of cows, revealing that cows in groups C and D are more likely to leave herds, while cows in group B are more likely to have 200,000 cells/mL at the next test day.

PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Dental biofilm and its ecological interrelationships in ovine periodontitis

Ana Carolina Borsanelli et al.

Summary: This study used high-throughput sequencing and network analysis to characterize the dental microbiomes in sheep with periodontitis and clinically healthy animals. The results showed differences in microbial composition, with Porphyromonas being highlighted as a key pathogen in animals with periodontitis. The presence of antagonistic interactions in the dental microbiota of diseased animals suggests a dysbiotic community.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Global transcriptomic profiles of circulating leucocytes in early lactation cows with clinical or subclinical mastitis

Zhangrui Cheng et al.

Summary: This study compared the transcriptomic profiles in circulating leukocytes between healthy cows and those with naturally occurring subclinical or clinical mastitis, revealing more intensive changes attributed to clinical mastitis. Most of the differentially expressed genes were associated with cell killing and immune processes. Notably, many upregulated genes encoding antimicrobial peptides in clinical mastitis were not upregulated in subclinical mastitis, suggesting a key role in combating disease organisms.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Dietary Supplementation of Inulin Ameliorates Subclinical Mastitis via Regulation of Rumen Microbial Community and Metabolites in Dairy Cows

Yue Wang et al.

Summary: This study found that dietary supplementation of inulin could improve subclinical mastitis (SCM) conditions in dairy cows, increase milk production, improve milk quality, and reduce inflammatory responses. The mechanism of action of inulin mainly lies in regulating the profile of rumen microbiome, increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, and decreasing proinflammatory bacteria.

MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Microbiota of Cow's Milk with Udder Pathologies

Mariya Gryaznova et al.

Summary: Mastitis is the most common disease for cattle, with recent studies indicating its multi-agent and microbiome diversity. Specific genera such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus may be associated with subclinical mastitis, while an increase in abundance of Staphylococcus and Microbacterium genera could be an early sign of infection. This study also identified an increase in certain genera like Colidextribacter, Paeniclostridium, and Turicibacter in cows with mastitis, expanding our understanding of the role of the microbiome in this disease.

MICROORGANISMS (2021)

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Article Agriculture, Multidisciplinary