期刊
NPJ MICROGRAVITY
卷 8, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41526-022-00208-5
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资金
- Belgian Science Policy (Prodex) [ESA-AO-2004-093]
- Russian Academy of Sciences [63.1]
Otoliths, as primary gravity sensors, play a crucial role in controlling ocular counter-roll (OCR) and gaze stabilization. Prolonged spaceflight has been found to decrease OCR, particularly in first-time flyers. However, experienced cosmonauts exhibit better adaptation after G-transitions.
Otoliths are the primary gravity sensors of the vestibular system and are responsible for the ocular counter-roll (OCR). This compensatory eye torsion ensures gaze stabilization and is sensitive to a head roll with respect to gravity and the Gravito-Inertial Acceleration vector during, e.g., centrifugation. To measure the effect of prolonged spaceflight on the otoliths, we quantified the OCR induced by off-axis centrifugation in a group of 27 cosmonauts in an upright position before and after their 6-month space mission to the International Space Station. We observed a significant decrease in OCR early postflight, larger for first-time compared to experienced flyers. We also found a significantly larger torsion for the inner eye, the eye closest to the rotation axis. Our results suggest that experienced cosmonauts have acquired the ability to adapt faster after G-transitions. These data provide a scientific basis for sending experienced cosmonauts on challenging missions that include multiple g-level transitions.
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