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Drug Repurposing to Enhance Antitumor Response to PD-1/PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

CANCERS (2022)

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Liothyronine could block the programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1) activity: an e-Pharmacophore modeling and virtual screening study

Navid Pourzardosht et al.

Summary: This study aimed to screen for an inhibitory compound to block the interaction between PD1 and PD-L1 molecules, and found that liothyronine (T3) may have the ability to inhibit this interaction and has potential in cancer treatment. These abilities of T3 could be used to restore the ability of the immune system to eliminate tumor cells.

JOURNAL OF RECEPTORS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION (2022)

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Article Oncology

Amlodipine improves the outcomes of regorafenib in metastatic colorectal cancer

Celal Alandag et al.

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the factors affecting regorafenib outcomes in mCRC patients. The study found that concomitant use of amlodipine with regorafenib improved overall survival and disease control rates. Hepatic metastasis was identified as the poorest prognostic factor, while chemotherapy and good performance status had positive effects on survival. Amlodipine showed additive anticancer effects with regorafenib.

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Discovery of a benzimidazole-based dual FLT3/TrKA inhibitor targeting acute myeloid leukemia

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Article Oncology

Safety and Efficacy of Pembrolizumab in Combination with Acalabrutinib in Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Phase 2 Proof-of-Concept Study

Matthew H. Taylor et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab and acalabrutinib combination therapy in recurrent or metastatic HNSCC. The results showed a higher incidence of adverse events with combination therapy and lack of clinical efficacy. Immune subset analysis suggested additive effects of the combination, but the associated toxicity limited its feasibility.

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Advances of biphenyl small-molecule inhibitors targeting PD-1/PD-L1 interaction in cancer immunotherapy

Roufen Chen et al.

Summary: Immune therapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction with monoclonal antibodies has limitations, driving the exploration of small-molecule inhibitors as potential alternative therapeutic approaches.

FUTURE MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Niclosamide Suppresses Migration and Invasion of Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Repressing TGFBI Expression via the ERK Signaling Pathway

Liang-Tsai Yeh et al.

Summary: Niclosamide inhibits migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by suppressing TGFBI expression and phosphorylation of the ERK pathway. This study suggests that niclosamide may be a promising preventive and therapeutic agent for osteosarcoma.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Flubendazole Plays an Important Anti-Tumor Role in Different Types of Cancers

Chaoran Chen et al.

Summary: Flubendazole, a broad-spectrum insect repellent, has been repurposed as a promising anticancer drug. Recent studies have shown its anti-tumor effects in different types of cancers, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This review summarizes the latest research on the anti-tumor effects of flubendazole in different types of cancers and analyzes the related mechanisms for future studies.

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From Anti-Infective Agents to Cancer Therapy: A Drug Repositioning Study Revealed a New Use for Nitrofuran Derivatives

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

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Ming Yi et al.

Summary: Antibodies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 revive immune response against cancer cells, but the low response rate calls for combination therapies. Combining with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and other treatments can achieve better outcomes, and individualized combination selection is needed to overcome treatment resistance.

MOLECULAR CANCER (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors reduces cancer growth and enhances the response to anti-CTLA4 therapy by modulating the tumor microenvironment

Klaire Yixin Fjaestad et al.

Summary: The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has been an important breakthrough in cancer therapies, but only a limited number of patients benefit from them. Recently, the nonselective beta blocker propranolol has been shown to be effective in treating angiosarcoma and soft tissue sarcomas. It works by reducing tumor angiogenesis and promoting an anti-tumoral microenvironment with increased T cell infiltration. The combination of propranolol with immune checkpoint inhibitors can significantly enhance their efficacy.

ONCOGENE (2022)

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Article Oncology

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related New-onset Thyroid Dysfunction: A Retrospective Analysis Using the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System

Difei Lu et al.

Summary: This article investigates the prevalence and demographic characteristics of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related thyroid dysfunction (ICI-TD) and explores the risk factors of poor clinical outcomes. It finds that thyroid dysfunction is common in ICI treatment, especially in combination therapy.

ONCOLOGIST (2022)

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The anthelmintic drug niclosamide induces GSK-β-mediated β-catenin degradation to potentiate gemcitabine activity, reduce immune evasion ability and suppress pancreatic cancer progression

Yangyang Guo et al.

Summary: This study found that Niclosamide inhibits the progression of pancreatic cancer by targeting beta-catenin degradation, enhances the effects of chemotherapy drugs, and reduces immune evasion ability. This suggests that Niclosamide may be a potential therapeutic candidate for pancreatic cancer.

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Nintedanib enhances the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade by upregulating MHC-I and PD-L1 expression in tumor cells

Jingyao Tu et al.

Summary: This study investigated the therapeutic potential of nintedanib and alpha PD-L1 combination therapy in tumor treatment. The results showed significant improvements in the antitumor effects and positive impact on lung complications with this combination therapy.

THERANOSTICS (2022)

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Dostarlimab for the treatment of advanced endometrial cancer

Andres Redondo et al.

Summary: Between 20% and 30% of endometrial cancers are associated with MMRd or MSI-H, which make the tumors more sensitive to immunotherapy. A clinical trial of anti-PD1 dostarlimab in patients with advanced solid tumors, specifically MMRd or MSI-H recurrent or advanced EC, showed significant clinical activity with durable responses and a favorable safety profile. The results support the use of dostarlimab as a treatment choice for advanced MMRd EC.

EXPERT REVIEW OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Repositioning Fenofibrate to Reactivate p53 and Reprogram the Tumor-Immune Microenvironment in HPV plus Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

W. Quinn O'Neill et al.

Summary: There is a critical need to develop therapeutic strategies for optimal management of HPV+ HNSCC patients. This study identified fenofibrate as a potent anti-cancer agent for HPV+ HNSCC by inducing p53 tumor suppressor accumulation and re-programming the tumor microenvironment.

CANCERS (2022)

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Efficacy of Niclosamide vs Placebo in SARS-CoV-2 Respiratory Viral Clearance, Viral Shedding, and Duration of Symptoms Among Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19 A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial

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JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2022)

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Formulation and Evaluation of Isradipine Nanosuspension and Exploring its Role as a Potential Anticancer Drug by Computational Approach

Prasanta Kumar Mohapatra et al.

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Shipra Singhal et al.

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ANTI-CANCER AGENTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related thyroid dysfunction

Shintaro Iwama et al.

BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2022)

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Niclosamide-A promising treatment for COVID-19

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Summary: This article reviews the pharmacology and scientific rationale for repurposing niclosamide, an anti-helminth drug, for the treatment of COVID-19. It highlights the drug's potent antiviral activity and its pleiotropic effects in preclinical and early clinical studies. The advantages and rationale for nebulized and intranasal formulations of niclosamide are also discussed, along with an overview of ongoing clinical trials.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

Cancer combination therapies by angiogenesis inhibitors; a comprehensive review

Mohammad Javed Ansari et al.

Summary: Abnormal vasculature is a prominent characteristic of tumor tissue, contributing to tumor immune evasion. Angiogenesis blockade therapy, which aims to disrupt the vascular network and deprive malignant cells of nutrients and oxygen, has been developed. However, cancer cells often develop resistance to anti-angiogenic agents, resulting in enhanced invasiveness and metastasis. This article focuses on the clinical developments of angiogenesis blockade therapy in combination with other conventional treatments, such as immunotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and cancer vaccines.

CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING (2022)

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Impact of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors on outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors

Pier Vitale Nuzzo et al.

Summary: This multicenter retrospective study suggests that the concurrent use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) may improve overall survival and time-to-treatment failure in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). These findings provide a rationale for future prospective randomized studies exploring the efficacy of combining ICI and RASi in mRCC patients.

CLINICAL GENITOURINARY CANCER (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Pyrazolones as inhibitors of immune checkpoint blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction

Raphael Le Biannic et al.

Summary: Immuno-therapy using checkpoint inhibitor monoclonal antibodies against PD-1 and PD-L1 has shown improved survival in cancer patients. Researchers have synthesized a series of synthetic compounds with nanomolar activity against PD-L1 and characterized their properties using various biophysical techniques. Some small molecules demonstrated high affinity for human PD-L1, disrupting the PD-L1:PD-1 interaction effectively.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Drug repositioning: Progress and challenges in drug discovery for various diseases

Yi Hua et al.

Summary: Compared with traditional drug discovery, drug repurposing offers a cost-effective and efficient approach. Some drugs may show better effects in different diseases than their original indications. Drug repurposing has proven to be valuable, especially in addressing public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

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Tania Sultana et al.

Summary: Drug repositioning, particularly in the field of anticancer drug discovery, has become popular due to the increasing demand for anticancer drugs. Veterinary antiparasitic drugs, when repurposed, have shown promising potential as novel anticancer agents by targeting different mechanisms. Their double repositioning for different species and diseases simultaneously offers new treatment options for cancer patients.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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TDO2 modulates liver cancer cell migration and invasion via the Wnt5a pathway

Hui Liu et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that TDO2 is highly expressed in liver cancer tissues and is associated with poor prognosis. Mechanistically, TDO2 promotes cancer cell migration and invasion through the Wnt5a pathway. Treatment with a calcium channel blocker reduces TDO2 levels and inhibits liver cancer cell migration and invasion. TDO2 could serve as a useful biomarker and potential drug target for liver cancer management.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Review Oncology

Improvement of the anticancer efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade via combination therapy and PD-L1 regulation

Mengling Wu et al.

Summary: PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoints inhibit the anticancer effect of T cells in the tumor microenvironment, and downregulation or upregulation of PD-L1 expression can improve the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment. Overcoming the current limitations of this treatment can expand its anticancer applications and improve patient response rates and survival time.

JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

LAG-3xPD-L1 bispecific antibody potentiates antitumor responses of T cells through dendritic cell activation

Eunsil Sung et al.

Summary: This study introduces ABL501, a bispecific antibody targeting LAG-3 and PD-L1, which enhances anti-tumor efficacy by modulating immune cell responses against tumors.

MOLECULAR THERAPY (2022)

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Traditional Chinese medicine CFF-1 exerts a potent anti-tumor immunity to hinder tumor growth and metastasis in prostate cancer through EGFR/JAK1/STAT3 pathway to inhibit PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint signaling

Yu Zhang et al.

Summary: The study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of CFF-1 on PD-L1/PD-1-mediated tumor immune escape. The results showed that CFF-1 can inhibit tumor growth and lung metastasis by suppressing the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and improving T lymphocyte immune response.

PHYTOMEDICINE (2022)

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Calcium channel blockers potentiate gemcitabine chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer

Daniel R. Principe et al.

Summary: There is currently no effective treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this study, researchers identified a subset of gemcitabine-resistant tumor cells enriched for calcium/calmodulin signaling. Inhibition of calcium-dependent calmodulin activation led to the loss of drug-resistant phenotypes, and calcium chelation or depletion impaired ERK activation and restored therapeutic responses to gemcitabine. Calcium channel blockers also enhanced therapeutic responses to gemcitabine.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

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Multimodality Treatment with Radiotherapy and Immunotherapy in Older Adults: Rationale, Evolving Data, and Current Recommendations

Elizabeth A. A. Germino et al.

Summary: The combination of immunotherapy and radiotherapy/chemoradiation has shown promising results in certain cancer patients. However, there are challenges in translating this combination therapy into real-world practice, as clinical trials often do not include a representative sample of older adults with comorbidities who make up a significant proportion of patients in clinical settings. This review aims to provide an overview of the current evidence for multimodality treatment in older adults, including extrapolation from single-modality therapies, and to highlight ongoing trials targeting older cancer patients. The review identifies current gaps in the field and provides recommendations for considering these gaps in both preclinical settings and when designing clinical trials, in order to improve the use of multimodality therapy in clinical practice as more data becomes available.

SEMINARS IN RADIATION ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Efficacy and Safety of Triiodothyronine Treatment in Cardiac Surgery or Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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THYROID (2022)

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Radiotherapy: Brightness and darkness in the era of immunotherapy

Danyi Zhai et al.

Summary: The introduction of immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but only a small percentage of patients respond to monotherapy. Combining radiotherapy and immunotherapy has shown promising results in clinical trials, but it can also weaken the immune system.

TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Review Oncology

The Treatment Landscape of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Kit Man Wong et al.

Summary: The combination therapy with ICIs in the treatment of advanced HCC has shown advantages and is currently being evaluated in large randomized Phase 3 trials as first-line treatment. Other stages of therapy and exploration of predictive biomarkers are also ongoing, which are expected to further improve patient outcomes in the future.

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Laura Valdez et al.

Oncotarget (2022)

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Repurposing non-oncology small-molecule drugs to improve cancer therapy: Current situation and future directions

Leilei Fu et al.

Summary: Drug repurposing refers to the use of a drug for treating diseases other than its original indication. Repurposing non-oncology drugs has become an attractive approach in improving cancer therapy, with potential cost and time advantages. This review focuses on summarizing the therapeutic potential of non-oncology drugs in human cancers and discussing their novel targets and signaling pathways.

ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Emerging role of natural products in cancer immunotherapy

Songtao Dong et al.

Summary: Cancer immunotherapy is a promising anti-tumor treatment that can be enhanced by natural products such as saponins, polysaccharides, and flavonoids. These natural products have shown significant effects in reversing the tumor-immunosuppressive microenvironment, which is crucial for the success of cancer immunotherapy.

ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Immune Related Adverse Events of the Thyroid - A Narrative Review

Christopher A. Muir et al.

Summary: The translated article introduces immune checkpoints, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and the association of thyroid dysfunction with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Thyroid irAEs may be associated with increased immune toxicity in other organ systems and longer progression-free and overall survival.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Article Oncology

Albendazole induces immunotherapy response by facilitating ubiquitin-mediated PD-L1 degradation

Lin Zhu et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of albendazole (ABZ) on antitumor immunity and the synergistic effects of ABZ with CD73 blockade. The mechanism of ABZ in reducing PD-L1 protein level was identified as suppressing UBQLN4. Preclinical studies showed that genetic deletion or target inhibition of CD73 had synergistic effects with ABZ treatment. In melanoma patients undergoing anti-PD-1 therapy, levels of UBQLN4 and PD-L1 were higher in responders and correlated with better survival outcomes.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2022)

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Review Oncology

Current Landscape of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Nikolaos Machairas et al.

Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Traditional systemic therapy with sorafenib has shown limited efficacy, while immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment option with good outcomes and safety. This article reviews the results of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) from clinical trials, summarizes predictors of treatment response, and highlights adverse events associated with ICI treatment.

CANCERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Revolutionization in Cancer Therapeutics via Targeting Major Immune Checkpoints PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4

Pratibha Pandey et al.

Summary: Immunotherapy has made significant progress in cancer treatment through blocking immunological checkpoint pathways. Recent studies have shown that combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with other anticancer drugs can improve their effectiveness. Immune checkpoint blockade also aids in inhibiting angiogenesis and enhancing the immune system's efficacy.

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Targeting PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia

Xingcheng Yang et al.

Summary: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell diseases that arise from the bone marrow. Dysregulated immune microenvironment, including the molecules PD-1 and PD-L1, play important roles in the pathogenesis of MDS and AML. However, clinical trials using PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have reported mixed responses in patients with these diseases.

EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new dihydropyridine derivatives as PD-L1 degraders for enhancing antitumor immunity

Chenghao Pan et al.

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Article Oncology

Computer-aided drug repurposing for cancer therapy: Approaches and opportunities to challenge anticancer targets

Carla Mottini et al.

Summary: Despite extensive efforts in academic and pharmaceutical research, current anticancer therapies have limited efficacy, with challenges such as chemoresistance and tumor heterogeneity. Drug repurposing, particularly in-silico approaches utilizing big data, offers a promising strategy to improve cancer therapy by predicting drug efficacy and selecting better responder patients. This method has the potential to overcome limitations of modern cancer therapies against both old and new therapeutic targets in oncology.

SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Oncology

Repurposing of drugs: An attractive pharmacological strategy for cancer therapeutics

Anuradha Kirtonia et al.

Summary: This article discusses the use of approved non-cancerous drugs to combat cancer, emphasizing the importance of drug repurposing and repositioning in the rapid and cost-effective discovery of anti-cancer drugs.

SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Oncology

The Impact of Beta Blockers on Survival Outcomes in Patients With Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Michael S. Oh et al.

Summary: This study found that the use of beta blockers in lung cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy was associated with improved progression free survival. Stress signaling in anti-cancer immunity was highlighted, suggesting that this treatment strategy should be further explored in prospective studies.

CLINICAL LUNG CANCER (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

A randomised controlled trial of effectiveness and safety of Niclosamide as add on therapy to the standard of care measures in COVID-19 management

Ahmed S. Abdulamir et al.

Summary: The study suggests that treating COVID-19 patients with NCS can increase the risk of recovery and lead to shorter hospital stays. Male patients had a higher risk of recovery, while older patients, those with hypertension and diabetes mellitus had a lower risk of recovery. NCS add-on therapy was deemed relatively safe and beneficial in freeing up hospital beds during a pandemic crisis.

ANNALS OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Physical Disruption of Solid Tumors by Immunostimulatory Microrobots Enhances Antitumor Immunity

Jiarong Zhou et al.

Summary: The combination of immunotherapy with other forms of treatment can enhance antitumor responses. The microrobot-based strategy integrates tumor tissue disruption with biological stimulation to achieve complete tumor regression and education of the host immune system, controlling the growth of distant tumors.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Emerging insights on functions of the anthelmintic flubendazole as a repurposed anticancer agent

Levon M. Khachigian

Summary: While flubendazole has been used as a macrofilaricide for about 40 years, recent studies have indicated its potential use as an anticancer agent by controlling processes associated with tumor growth, spread, and renewal. Further research is needed to understand its mechanistic roles, range of inhibition of cancer types, capacity for adjunctive therapy, and possible reformulation for enhanced solubility, bioavailability, and potency in clinical oncology.

CANCER LETTERS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Identification of chemical compounds regulating PD-L1 by introducing HiBiT-tagged cells

Yutaro Uchida et al.

Summary: Researchers created a HiBiT-tagged lung adenocarcinoma cell line, PC9-KI, for easier and faster detection of changes in PD-L1 protein expression. Through screening of PC9-KI cells, multiple chemical compounds were identified as regulators of PD-L1 expression, including microtubule polymerization inhibitors and thapsigargin as upregulators, and a p97 inhibitor as a downregulator.

FEBS LETTERS (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Combined chemotherapy for triple negative breast cancer treatment by paclitaxel and niclosamide nanocrystals loaded thermosensitive hydrogel

Deqian Zhao et al.

Summary: An injectable PTX and NLM nanocrystals co-loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA thermosensitive hydrogel was designed for intratumoral treatment of TNBC. The formulation realized high drug loading and appropriate particle size, displaying sustained drug release and high tumor growth inhibition rate in vivo, with potential to prevent TNBC recurrence and metastasis.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Repurposing screen identifies Amlodipine as an inducer of PD-L1 degradation and antitumor immunity

Chushu Li et al.

Summary: Amlodipine, identified as a potent inhibitor of PD-L1 expression, can increase CD8+ T-cell infiltration in tumor tissues and dose-dependently suppress tumor growth by blocking calcium flux. This reveals a calcium-dependent mechanism controlling PD-L1 degradation, emphasizing calcium flux blockade as a potential strategy for combinatorial immunotherapy.

ONCOGENE (2021)

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Review Oncology

CD155/TIGIT, a novel immune checkpoint in human cancers

Lu Liu et al.

Summary: CD155/T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) is a novel type of immune checkpoint that inhibits the function of T and NK cells by transmitting immune signals through the inhibitory receptor TIGIT. This mechanism holds promise for further improving the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in tumor therapy.

ONCOLOGY REPORTS (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers Suppress the Transcription of PD-L1 by Inhibiting the Activation of STAT1

Xiaohui Pan et al.

Summary: The dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers were found to reduce PD-L1 expression dose-dependently, enhancing T cell killing ability by suppressing PD-L1 and STAT1 phosphorylation. This suggests that calcium signal regulation could be a potential strategy for PD-L1 inhibition.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Oncology

Amlodipine and Verapamil, Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Channel Inhibitors, Suppressed the Growth of Gastric Cancer Stem Cells

Atsushi Shiozaki et al.

Summary: The study revealed that voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) play a role in maintaining gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs), and the specific inhibitors CACNA2D1 amlodipine and CACNB4 verapamil have the potential to be targeted therapeutic agents against gastric cancer.

ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Repurposing approved drugs for cancer therapy

Catherine H. Schein

Summary: Repurposing approved drugs for cancer treatment is a promising strategy to enhance chemotherapy, control side effects, or serve as second-line treatments for resistant tumors. However, lack of understanding of drug mechanisms and issues with patient populations in clinical trials may impact the evaluation of repurposing strategies.

BRITISH MEDICAL BULLETIN (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

L-Type Calcium Channel Blockers: A Potential Novel Therapeutic Approach to Drug Dependence

Hilary J. Little

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PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2021)

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Review Oncology

The Continuum of Thyroid Disorders Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Still Many Pending Queries

Maria V. Deligiorgi et al.

Summary: As the revolutionary anticancer efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPi) expands, particularly in hematological malignancies, mitigating the immune-related adverse events, including thyroid disorders, is essential. Current data on these disorders mostly stem from solid tumors, necessitating further research in hematological malignancies. Tailoring a personalized approach and validating predictive factors specific to tumors, patients, and ICPis are crucial steps forward.

CANCERS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Efficacy and Safety of Regorafenib Combined with Toripalimab in the Third-Line and beyond Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer

Wei Yu et al.

Summary: The study found that regorafenib combined with toripalimab has a promising effect in the third-line and beyond treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, with surgical resection of primary lesions potentially having a positive impact on this combination therapy. The treatment-related adverse reactions in combined therapy are tolerable to a certain extent.

JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Review Oncology

The Role of Immune Checkpoint Blockade in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Review of Clinical Trials

Muhammet Ozer et al.

Summary: The prevalence of primary liver cancer is rising globally, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) being the most common type. Traditional treatment methods have shown poor efficacy, but new data supports combination therapy as the first-line treatment choice. Ongoing clinical trials focus on assessing the benefits of novel therapies, potentially paving the way for innovative new approaches in HCC treatment in the near future.

FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Innate and adaptive immune responses following PD-L1 blockade in treating chronic murine alveolar echinococcosis

Fadi Jebbawi et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that PD-L1 blockade significantly reduced parasite load, promoted T-cell activity, restored antigen presenting cells, suppressed NK and NKT cells, and improved control of E. multilocularis infection.

PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Virology

Repurposing of antiparasitic niclosamide to inhibit respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) replication

Nattamon Niyomdecha et al.

Summary: Niclosamide demonstrates broad-spectrum antiviral activity against RSV in an in vitro model, inhibiting RSV infection through a proapoptotic mechanism independent of mTORC1.

VIRUS RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Phase Ib trial of reformulated niclosamide with abiraterone/prednisone in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer

Mamta Parikh et al.

Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a novel reformulated orally-bioavailable niclosamide in combination with abiraterone and prednisone for castration-resistant prostate cancer. The results showed that this combination therapy demonstrated good tolerability and treatment response in patients, warranting further research.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Review Oncology

Repositioning of Antiparasitic Drugs for Tumor Treatment

Yan-Qi Li et al.

Summary: Drug repositioning is a strategy that repurposes existing clinical drugs for cancer treatment; recent studies focus on using antiparasitic drugs to target tumors, which can regulate tumor growth through multiple pathways and potentially improve tumor diagnosis and treatment.

FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Repositioning Azelnidipine as a Dual Inhibitor Targeting CD47/SIRPα and TIGIT/PVR Pathways for Cancer Immuno-Therapy

Xiuman Zhou et al.

Summary: Strategies that enhance both innate and adaptive immunity show promising applications in cancer immunotherapy. By targeting both CD47/SIRP alpha and TIGIT/PVR pathways, the anti-hypertensive drug azelnidipine has been found to effectively inhibit tumor growth in preclinical studies.

BIOMOLECULES (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Repurposing macitentan with nanoparticle modulates tumor microenvironment to potentiate immune checkpoint blockade

Soyoung Son et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that macitentan can modulate the desmoplastic tumor microenvironment by regulating the function of cancer-associated fibroblasts, attenuating the biogenesis of cancer cell-derived exosomes, and modulating T cell subsets and distribution in the TME. These results indicate that macitentan effectively reorganizes the immunosuppressive TME and exhibits synergistic antitumor effects in combination with ICT.

BIOMATERIALS (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Anti-Cancer Potential of Some Commonly Used Drugs

Pallavi Kumari et al.

Summary: Cancer is a global concern with a declining trend in new drug discovery, leading to interest in drug repurposing as a potential solution. Research shows promising anti-cancer activities in drugs approved for non-cancer clinical indications.

CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Molecular Mechanisms of PD-1 and PD-L1 Activity on a Pan-Cancer Basis: A Bioinformatic Exploratory Study

Siddarth Kannan et al.

Summary: An analysis of patient RNA-seq data from fifteen cancer types revealed 40 genes consistently correlated with PDCD1/CD274 across multiple cancers, with unique survival profiles in different cancer types. Additionally, 49 putative microRNAs linked to the PDCD1/CD274 network were identified. Further investigations are needed for more cancer-specific treatments.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mechanistic Insights of Anti-Immune Evasion by Nobiletin through Regulating miR-197/STAT3/PD-L1 Signaling in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells

Nipin Sp et al.

Summary: Tumor immune escape is a common process in NSCLC where PD-L1 expression plays a vital role. Nobiletin, a natural flavonoid, inhibits PD-L1 expression through the EGFR/JAK2/STAT3 signaling, independent of p53, and enhances anti-tumor immunity through miR-197 regulation. Nobiletin also synergizes with anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody to induce PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in NSCLC, proposing it as a modulator for cancer immunotherapy in the tumor microenvironment.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Toxicology

Calcium channel blockers lercanidipine and amlodipine inhibit YY1/ERK/ TGF-β mediated transcription and sensitize the gastric cancer cells to doxorubicin

Ponmathi Panneerpandian et al.

Summary: Elevated expression of YY1 confers anti-apoptotic phenotype, making it an attractive target for cancer therapeutics. Calcium channel blockers lercanidipine and amlodipine have been identified to inhibit YY1 more efficiently in gastric cancer cells, and enhance the inhibitory effect of doxorubicin on gastric cancer cell growth by inhibiting pathways activated by doxorubicin. This study demonstrates the potential of these calcium channel blockers in sensitizing gastric cancer cells to doxorubicin and improving treatment efficiency.

TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO (2021)

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Article Oncology

Interleukin-22 promotes PD-L1 expression via STAT3 in colon cancer cells

Xiangpeng Xi et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that IL-22 can upregulate the expression of PD-L1 in colon cancer cells via a signaling pathway, providing a theoretical basis for decreasing immune tolerance in colon cancer through IL-22 overexpression.

ONCOLOGY LETTERS (2021)

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Review Immunology

TIGIT, the Next Step Towards Successful Combination Immune Checkpoint Therapy in Cancer

Zhouhong Ge et al.

Summary: TIGIT is an inhibitory receptor expressed on multiple types of lymphocytes, and the efficacy of TIGIT blockade in cancer immunotherapy is currently under investigation. While single TIGIT blockade has limited anti-tumor efficacy, co-blockade with the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway leads to tumor rejection.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Oncology

A Synergistic Combination of Niclosamide and Doxorubicin as an Efficacious Therapy for All Clinical Subtypes of Breast Cancer

Garima Lohiya et al.

Summary: Drug resistance is a major challenge in cancer chemotherapy, with aberrantly expressed Wnt/beta-catenin signaling playing a crucial role. Combining the FDA-approved antihelminthic drug niclosamide as a Wnt signaling inhibitor with the conventional anticancer agent doxorubicin shows promising synergistic effects in inducing apoptosis and cell death in breast cancer, regardless of the clinical subtype.

CANCERS (2021)

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Review Oncology

PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoints and Resveratrol: A Controversial New Way for a Therapeutic Strategy

Dominique Delmas et al.

Summary: Immunotherapies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 have shown promise in cancer treatment, but face challenges such as low response rates, high costs, and rare hyper-progression risks. The main focus is on improving existing therapies through combinatory approaches to overcome these limitations.

CANCERS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Repurposing Niclosamide for Targeting Pancreatic Cancer by Inhibiting Hh/Gli Non-Canonical Axis of Gsk3β

Jyoti B. Kaushal et al.

Summary: The study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of Niclosamide on pancreatic cancer and found that it induced cell death through mitochondrial stress and mTORC1-dependent autophagy. Niclosamide inhibited the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway and promoted cell death through regulation of p-Gsk3 beta.

CANCERS (2021)

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Review Oncology

Drug Repurposing, an Attractive Strategy in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment: Preclinical and Clinical Updates

Laura De Lellis et al.

Summary: The review provides an update on promising non-oncology drugs that may be useful in the treatment of pancreatic cancer, focusing on repurposing existing drugs for improved therapy. Current chemotherapy options for pancreatic cancer are unsatisfactory, creating an urgent need for more effective and less toxic treatment options. Repurposing non-oncology drugs in pancreatic cancer therapy shows promise and potential for overcoming existing challenges in drug discovery and development.

CANCERS (2021)

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Review Immunology

Bispecific Antibodies: A Smart Arsenal for Cancer Immunotherapies

Gihoon You et al.

Summary: BsAbs are emerging as a growing class of immunotherapies with the potential to improve clinical efficacy and safety further. The review describes four classes of BsAbs and presents examples of BsAbs in development. With more data from clinical trials accumulating, BsAbs could be the next generation of new treatment options for cancer patients.

VACCINES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle-Based Combination of Niclosamide and Doxorubicin: Effect of Treatment Regimens on Breast Cancer Subtypes

Garima Lohiya et al.

Summary: The combination therapy of niclosamide-loaded MSNs with doxorubicin-loaded MSNs showed enhanced cytotoxicity on breast cancer subtypes and is a promising therapeutic option for breast cancer regardless of clinical subtype in both sequential and concurrent treatment regimens.

ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Network Meta-analysis Comparing Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Antibodies in Solid Cancers

Laith Al-Showbaki et al.

Summary: Based on a network meta-analysis, pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and atezolizumab showed similar efficacy, with avelumab appearing less effective. Safety and tolerability were better with avelumab, but worse with atezolizumab and pembrolizumab.

JOURNAL OF CANCER (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

HSP90 Inhibition Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy by Modulating the Surface Expression of Multiple Immune Checkpoint Proteins

Reza Beheshti Zavareh et al.

Summary: Research shows that HSP90 inhibitors can effectively decrease PD-L1 surface expression and modulate the surface expression of other checkpoint proteins, providing further rationale to explore them as part of combination immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer.

CELL CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

At the Crossroads of Molecular Biology and Immunology: Molecular Pathways for Immunological Targeting of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Niels E. E. Wondergem et al.

Summary: The study focuses on the role of STAT3, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and Wnt signaling pathways in HNSCC and their potential as targets to enhance immune response against HNSCC. These pathways are implicated in immune evasion mechanisms of HNSCC, making them promising targets for immunotherapy.

FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH (2021)

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Review Oncology

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors for Patients with Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis

Qingyuan Huang et al.

Summary: This study revealed that nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab showed similar survival rates, while avelumab was associated with poorer survival. The PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors were comparable in terms of TrAEs risk to conventional therapies, and even safer.

JOURNAL OF CANCER (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Intraoperative Flurbiprofen Treatment Alters Immune Checkpoint Expression in Patients Undergoing Elective Thoracoscopic Resection of Lung Cancer

Ji-cheng Hu et al.

MEDICAL PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE (2020)

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Article Oncology

The Impact of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Beta Blockers, and Metformin on the Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Advanced Melanoma

Daniel Y. Wang et al.

ONCOLOGIST (2020)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Screening of kinase inhibitors downregulating PD-L1 expression via on/in cell quantitative immunoblots

Yongli Xie et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Suppressing STAT5 signaling affects osteosarcoma growth and stemness

Dharmalingam Subramaniam et al.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Repaglinide Silences the FOXO3/Lumican Axis and Represses the Associated Metastatic Potential of Neuronal Cancer Cells

Stefan Salcher et al.

CELLS (2020)

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Article Oncology

Phosphorylated STAT3 (Tyr705) as a biomarker of response to pimozide treatment in triple-negative breast cancer

Sundee Dees et al.

CANCER BIOLOGY & THERAPY (2020)

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Article Oncology

FS118, a Bispecific Antibody Targeting LAG-3 and PD-L1, Enhances T-Cell Activation Resulting in Potent Antitumor Activity

Matthew Kraman et al.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Calcium Channels as Novel Therapeutic Targets for Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells

Heejin Lee et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

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Editorial Material Parasitology

FDA-Approved Antiparasitic Drugs in the 21st Century: A Success for Helminthiasis?

Josue de Moraes et al.

TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY (2020)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Flurbiprofen as a biphenyl scaffold for the design of small molecules binding to PD-L1 protein dimer

Christian Bailly et al.

BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY (2020)

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Article Oncology

Combined effects of niclosamide and temozolomide against human glioblastoma tumorspheres

Hyeong-Cheol Oh et al.

JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

The calcium channel agonist Bay K 8644 promotes the growth of human liver cancer HepG2 cells in vitro: suppression with overexpressed regucalcin

Masayoshi Yamaguchi et al.

MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY (2020)

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Article Oncology

Intratumoral Copper Modulates PD-L1 Expression and Influences Tumor Immune Evasion

Florida Voli et al.

CANCER RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Repositioning liothyronine for cancer immunotherapy by blocking the interaction of immune checkpoint TIGIT/PVR

Xiuman Zhou et al.

CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Small Molecule Enhancers of Endosome-to-Cytosol Import Augment Anti-tumor Immunity

Patrycja Kozik et al.

CELL REPORTS (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Combined Poziotinib with Manidipine Treatment Suppresses Ovarian Cancer Stem-Cell Proliferation and Stemness

Heejin Lee et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Drug repurposing and relabeling for cancer therapy: Emerging benzimidazole antihelminthics with potent anticancer effects

Joyobrato Nath et al.

LIFE SCIENCES (2020)

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Review Oncology

TIGIT in cancer immunotherapy

Joe-Marc Chauvin et al.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Pimozide Suppresses the Growth of Brain Tumors by Targeting STAT3-Mediated Autophagy

Alok Ranjan et al.

CELLS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Recent Advances in the Development of PD-L1 Modulators: Degraders, Downregulators, and Covalent Inhibitors

Binbin Cheng et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Repurposing of niclosamide as a STAT3 inhibitor to enhance the anticancer effect of chemotherapeutic drugs in treating colorectal cancer

Mia M. Wu et al.

LIFE SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Complete Response to the Sequential Treatment with Regorafenib Followed by PD-1 Inhibitor in a Sorafenib-Refractory Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patient

Er-lei Zhang et al.

ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY (2020)

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Review Immunology

Transcriptional Regulation of Cancer Immune Checkpoints: Emerging Strategies for Immunotherapy

Simran Venkatraman et al.

VACCINES (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Calcium Channel Blocker Nifedipine Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Progression and Immune Escape by Preventing NFAT2 Nuclear Translocation

Ling Wu et al.

CELL REPORTS (2020)

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Article Physiology

The Role of Thyroid Hormone in the Innate and Adaptive Immune Response during Infection

Julia Rubingh et al.

COMPREHENSIVE PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Immunology

The Antitumor Potentials of Benzimidazole Anthelmintics as Repurposing Drugs

Deok-Soo Son et al.

IMMUNE NETWORK (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Combined cytotoxic chemotherapy and immunotherapy of cancer: modern times

Christian Bailly et al.

NAR CANCER (2020)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Development of small-molecule immune checkpoint inhibitors of PD-1/PD-L1 as a new therapeutic strategy for tumour immunotherapy

Kui Li et al.

JOURNAL OF DRUG TARGETING (2019)

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Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

New insights into niclosamide action: autophagy activation in colorectal cancer

Phillip T. Newton

BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Vincristine combination with Ca+2 channel blocker increase antitumor effects

Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi et al.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS (2019)

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Article Cell Biology

PD-1-siRNA delivered by attenuated Salmonella enhances the antimelanoma effect of pimozide

Tiesuo Zhao et al.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2019)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Drug repurposing in oncology: Compounds, pathways, phenotypes and computational approaches for colorectal cancer

Patrycja Nowak-Sliwinska et al.

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER (2019)

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Article Oncology

Targeting TMEM176B Enhances Antitumor Immunity and Augments the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Blockers by Unleashing Inflammasome Activation

Mercedes Segovia et al.

CANCER CELL (2019)

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Article Oncology

The anthelmintic flubendazole blocks human melanoma growth and metastasis and suppresses programmed cell death protein-1 and myeloid-derived suppressor cell accumulation

Yue Li et al.

CANCER LETTERS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Formulation and evaluation of cyclodextrin complexes for improved anticancer activity of repurposed drug: Niclosamide

Anurag Lodagekar et al.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2019)

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Article Oncology

Regorafenib Promotes Antitumor Immunity via Inhibiting PD-L1 and IDO1 Expression in Melanoma

Rui-Yan Wu et al.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Oncology

Flubendazole demonstrates valid antitumor effects by inhibiting STAT3 and activating autophagy

Shichong Lin et al.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Oncology

Selective uveal melanoma inhibition with calcium channel blockade

Michael Shaughnessy et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY (2019)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Pharmacophore model of immunocheckpoint protein PD-L1 by cosolvent molecular dynamics simulations

Claudia Mejias et al.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR GRAPHICS & MODELLING (2019)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Antipsychotic Drug Trifluoperazine Suppresses Colorectal Cancer by Inducing G0/G1 Arrest and Apoptosis

Yong Xia et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2019)

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Article Oncology

Niclosamide, an antihelmintic drug, enhances efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade in non-small cell lung cancer

Fan Luo et al.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Antiestrogens in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors in breast cancer immunotherapy

Diana C. Marquez-Garban et al.

JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Discovery of new non-acidic lonazolac analogues with COX-2 selectivity as potent anti-inflammatory agents

Marwa F. Harras et al.

MEDCHEMCOMM (2019)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Triclabendazole for the treatment of fascioliasis

R. Thakare et al.

DRUGS OF TODAY (2019)

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Review Oncology

Evidence of β-blockers drug repurposing for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer: A systematic review

A. Spini et al.

NEOPLASMA (2019)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Recent advances and challenges of repurposing nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems to enhance cancer immunotherapy

Seungho Lim et al.

THERANOSTICS (2019)

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Article Oncology

Beta blocker use correlates with better overall survival in metastatic melanoma patients and improves the efficacy of immunotherapies in mice

Kathleen M. Kokolus et al.

ONCOIMMUNOLOGY (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Non-acidic 1,3,4-trisubstituted-pyrazole derivatives as lonazolac analogs with promising COX-2 selectivity, anti-inflammatory activity and gastric safety profile

Khaled R. A. Abdellatif et al.

BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY (2018)

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Article Oncology

Phase II trial to investigate the safety and efficacy of orally applied niclosamide in patients with metachronous or sychronous metastases of a colorectal cancer progressing after therapy: the NIKOLO trial

Susen Burock et al.

BMC CANCER (2018)

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Review Oncology

Anticancer Properties of Fenofibrate: A Repurposing Use

Xin Lian et al.

JOURNAL OF CANCER (2018)

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Review Oncology

Anti-PD-1 and Anti-CTLA-4 Therapies in Cancer: Mechanisms of Action, efficacy, and Limitations

Judith A. Seidel et al.

FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The Antihelminthic Niclosamide Inhibits Cancer Stemness, Extracellular Matrix Remodeling, and Metastasis through Dysregulation of the Nuclear β-catenin/c-Myc axis in OSCC

Lin-Hong Wang et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2018)

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Article Immunology

Immunotherapy of alveolar echinococcosis via PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade in mice

Junhua Wang et al.

PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY (2018)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers and renal disease

Nicolas R. Robles et al.

HYPERTENSION RESEARCH (2017)

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Review Cell Biology

Niclosamide: Beyond an antihelminthic drug

Wei Chen et al.

CELLULAR SIGNALLING (2017)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Identification of repaglinide as a therapeutic drug for glioblastoma multiforme

Zui Xuan Xiao et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2017)

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Editorial Material Oncology

The thyroid hormone triiodothyronine reinvigorates dendritic cells and potentiates anti-tumor immunity

V. A. Alamino et al.

ONCOIMMUNOLOGY (2016)

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Article Oncology

Identification of Niclosamide as a Novel Anticancer Agent for Adrenocortical Carcinoma

Kei Satoh et al.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Drug Repositioning for Cancer Therapy Based on Large-Scale Drug-Induced Transcriptional Signatures

Haeseung Lee et al.

PLOS ONE (2016)

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Article Oncology

Antitumor Responses Stimulated by Dendritic Cells Are Improved by Triiodothyronine Binding to the Thyroid Hormone Receptor β

Vanina A. Alamino et al.

CANCER RESEARCH (2015)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Potential for specific dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers to have a positive impact on cognitive function in humans: a systematic review

Jean Peters et al.

THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN CHRONIC DISEASE (2015)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Triiodothyronine regulates angiogenic growth factor and cytokine secretion by isolated human decidual cells in a cell-type specific and gestational age-dependent manner

E. Vasilopoulou et al.

HUMAN REPRODUCTION (2014)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Dexamethasone counteracts the immunostimulatory effects of triiodothyronine (T3) on dendritic cells

Maria M. Montesinos et al.

STEROIDS (2012)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Thyroid Hormones as Modulators of Immune Activities at the Cellular Level

Paolo De Vito et al.

THYROID (2011)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Efonidipine, a Ca2+-Channel Blocker, Enhances the Production of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in NCI-H295R Human Adrenocortical Carcinoma Cells

Keiichi Ikeda et al.

TOHOKU JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2011)

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