期刊
EBIOMEDICINE
卷 81, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104129
关键词
Long COVID; T cell; Assay; SARS-CoV-2; Immunity
资金
- Addenbrooke's Charitable Trust [900276]
- NIHR [G112259]
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
- MRC [TSF MR/T032413/1]
- Wellcome Trust [PRF 210688/Z/18/Z, 084957/Z/08/Z]
- Medical Research Council [MR/V011561/1]
- NHSBT [WPA15-02]
- United Kingdom Research and a Innovation COVID Immunology Consortium grant [MR/V028448/1]
- Wellcome Trust [084957/Z/08/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
There is currently no consensus on the diagnosis, definition, symptoms, or duration of COVID-19 illness. Given the diagnostic challenges of Long COVID, this study investigated SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or Long COVID. The findings suggest that IL-2 release from T cells may be a sensitive and specific marker for previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, even in patients without detectable SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
Background There is currently no consensus on the diagnosis, definition, symptoms, or duration of COVID-19 illness. The diagnostic complexity of Long COVID is compounded in many patients who were or might have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 but not tested during the acute illness and/or are SARS-CoV-2 antibody negative. Methods Given the diagnostic conundrum of Long COVID, we set out to investigate SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or Long COVID from a cohort of mostly non -hospitalised patients. Findings We discovered that IL-2 release (but not IFN-g release) from T cells in response to SARS-CoV-2 peptides is both sensitive (75% +/-13%) and specific (88%+/-7%) for previous SARS-CoV-2 infection >6 months after a positive PCR test. We identified that 42-53% of patients with Long COVID, but without detectable SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, nonetheless have detectable SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses. Interpretation Our study reveals evidence (detectable T cell mediated IL-2 release) of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection in seronegative patients with Long COVID. Copyright Crown Copyright (C) 2022 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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