期刊
SCIENCE ADVANCES
卷 8, 期 32, 页码 -出版社
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq8158
关键词
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资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81788101, 31971156, T2125011]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFA0306600]
- CAS [XDC07000000, GJJSTD20200001, YIPA2015370]
- Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies [AHY050000]
Developing robust microwave-field sensors is important in a wide range of applications. The nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a suitable candidate due to its sensitivity, stability, and compatibility. However, existing NV center-based magnetometers have limited sensitivity in the microwave band. This study presents a continuous heterodyne detection scheme that enhances the sensor's response to weak microwaves, achieving a sensitivity of 8.9 pT Hz(-1/2) for microwaves of 2.9 GHz. The scheme removes control pulses and benefits practical applications of diamond-based microwave sensors.
Developing robust microwave-field sensors is both fundamentally and practically important with a wide range of applications from astronomy to communication engineering. The nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond is an attractive candidate for such purpose because of its magnetometric sensitivity, stability, and compatibility with ambient conditions. However, the existing NV center-based magnetometers have limited sensitivity in the microwave band. Here, we present a continuous heterodyne detection scheme that can enhance the sensor's response to weak microwaves, even in the absence of spin controls. Experimentally, we achieve a sensitivity of 8.9 pT Hz(-1/2) for microwaves of 2.9 GHz by simultaneously using an ensemble of nNV similar to 2.8 x 10(13) NV centers within a sensor volume of 4 x 10(-2) mm(3). Besides, we also achieve 1/t scaling of frequency resolution up to measurement time t of 10,000 s. Our scheme removes control pulses and thus will greatly benefit practical applications of diamond-based microwave sensors.
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