Comparison of catalytic activity and antimicrobial properties of palladium nanoparticles obtained by Aloe barbadensis and Glycine max extracts, and chemical synthesis

Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) were synthesized from potassium tetrachloropalladate (K2PdCl4) with chemical synthesis using NaBH4, and with Aloe barbadensis and Glycine max aqueous extracts as a reducing agent. The synthesized PdNPs were quasi-spherical with 34.24 +/- 5.14 nm for A. barbadensis, 19.90 +/- 2.84 nm for G. max, and 11.74 +/- 1.58 nm for chemically produced PdNPs. Hydrodynamic size and zeta potential were 3174.33 +/- 640.9 nm and -18.5 +/- 2.11 mV for A. barbadensis; 104.4 +/- 0.44 nm and -29.47 +/- 0.65 mV for G. max; and 1572.33 +/- 110.17 nm and -21.17 +/- 1.72 mV for chemically synthesized PdNPs. G. max PdNPs showed better stability than A. barbadensis PdNPs. Spectroscopy analysis suggests that hydroxyl and phenolic compounds participate in a redox reaction with tetrachloropalladate ion. High-Pressure Ion Chromatography (HPIC) confirms the participation of reducing sugars in a redox reaction. 1'-1' diphenyl picryl-hydrazyle (DPPH) scavenging of G. max was 40.61 +/- 2.73%, A. barbadensis of 26.21 +/- 4.61%, and chemical PdNPs of 29.85 +/- 6%. All PdNPs catalyzed the reaction of NaBH4 with methylene blue, methyl orange, and 4-nitrophenol, except Coomasie Blue. All microbial strains except C. albicans exhibited 0% of growth with the highest concentration. G. max and A. barbadensis PdNPs exhibit similar antioxidant, catalytic and antimicrobial properties than chemical PdNPs.

Automated summary

Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) were synthesized using Aloe barbadensis and Glycine max aqueous extracts as a reducing agent. The study found that Glycine max PdNPs exhibited better stability than Aloe barbadensis PdNPs, and both types of plant extract-based PdNPs showed similar antioxidant, catalytic, and antimicrobial properties to chemically synthesized PdNPs.