期刊
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
卷 13, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.919223
关键词
diabetes; infection; influenza; COVID-19; tuberculosis; inflammation
资金
- Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences (KFAS) [RA HM-2019-009]
- French National Research Agency (Agence Nationale de la Recherche
- ANR)
- European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD)
- Science Foundation Ireland Award [19/FFP/6625]
- NHMRC investigator grant [2007919]
- French National Research Agency (Agence Nationale de la Recherche
- ANR) [ANR-19-CE14-0005]
- Science Foundation Ireland [19/FFP/6625]
- NHMRC [2007919]
Patients with type-2 diabetes are at higher risk of severe respiratory tract infections, especially with the global spread of COVID-19. Similar risk factors and mechanisms exist between different respiratory infections. Research needs are increasing and may lead to new therapeutic approaches.
Patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D) are more likely to develop severe respiratory tract infections. Such susceptibility has gained increasing attention since the global spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in early 2020. The earliest reports marked T2D as an important risk-factor for severe forms of disease and mortality across all adult age groups. Several mechanisms have been proposed for this increased susceptibility, including pre-existing immune dysfunction, a lack of metabolic flexibility due to insulin resistance, inadequate dietary quality or adverse interactions with antidiabetic treatments or common comorbidities. Some mechanisms that predispose patients with T2D to severe COVID-19 may indeed be shared with other previously characterized respiratory tract infections. Accordingly, in this review, we give an overview of response to Influenza A virus and to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections. Similar risk factors and mechanisms are discussed between the two conditions and in the case of COVID-19. Lastly, we address emerging approaches to address research needs in infection and metabolic disease, and perspectives with regards to deployment or repositioning of metabolically active therapeutics.
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