期刊
ONCOIMMUNOLOGY
卷 11, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/2162402X.2022.2099642
关键词
Ilixadencel; pro-inflammatory allogeneic dendritic cells; alpha CTLA-4 therapy; tissue-residentCD8(+)T cells; tumor-reactiveCD8(+) T cells; tumor-specificCD8(+) T cells; tumor-matching T cells
资金
- Barncancerfonden [PR2020-0167]
- Goran Gustafsson Foundation
- Clas Groschinsky Foundation [M19359]
- Swedish Research Council [2019-01326]
- Swedish Cancer Foundation [190184Pj]
- Formas [2019-01326] Funding Source: Formas
- Vinnova [2019-01326] Funding Source: Vinnova
- Swedish Research Council [2019-01326] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
This study demonstrates that a combination treatment involving intratumoral administration of pro-inflammatory allogeneic dendritic cells (AlloDCs) and systemic treatment with alpha CTLA-4 can significantly enhance the anti-tumor efficacy compared to alpha CTLA-4 monotherapy. The combination treatment leads to an immune-inflamed tumor microenvironment characterized by increased infiltration of activated endogenous antigen-presenting dendritic cells and CD8(+) T cells with a tissue-resident memory phenotype. This study highlights the potential of this combination therapy for improving the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the oncology field. However, a significant number of patients do not respond, at least partly due to the lack of preexisting anti-tumor T-cell immunity. Therefore, it is emergent to add an immune-priming step to improve efficacy. Here, we report a combined approach consisting of intratumoral administration of pro-inflammatory allogeneic dendritic cells (AlloDCs) and systemic treatment with alpha CTLA-4 that can drastically improve the anti-tumor efficacy compared to alpha CTLA-4 monotherapy. When evaluated in mice with large established CT-26 tumors, monotherapy with alpha CTLA-4 neither delayed tumor progression nor improved mice survival. However, combination treatment of AlloDCs and alpha CTLA-4 drastically improved the effectiveness, with 70% of mice being cured. This effect was T cell-dependent, and all survived mice rejected a subsequent tumor re-challenge. Further investigation revealed an immune-inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME) in the combination treatment group characterized by enhanced infiltration of activated antigen-presenting endogenous DCs and CD8(+) T cells with a tissue-resident memory (T-RM) phenotype (CD49a(+)CD103(+)). This correlated with elevated levels of tumor-specific CD39(+)CD103(+)CD8(+) T cells in the tumor and tumor-matching NKG2D(+)CD39(+)CX3CR1(+)CD8(+) T cells in peripheral blood. Moreover, splenocytes from mice in the combination treatment group secreted significantly higher IFN-gamma upon stimulation with the peptide from the endogenous CT-26 retroviral gp70 (model neoantigen), confirming the induction of a tumor-specific CD8(+) T-cell response. Taken together, these data indicate a strong anti-tumor synergy between AlloDCs and alpha CTLA-4 that warrant further clinical investigation with the corresponding human AlloDC product (ilixadencel) for patients receiving alpha CTLA-4 therapy.
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