Metabolic Profiling at COVID-19 Onset Shows Disease Severity and Sex-Specific Dysregulation

Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Assessment of tryptophan and kynurenine as prognostic markers in patients with SARS-CoV-2

Simon Michaelis et al.

Summary: Measuring the concentrations of tryptophan and kynurenine upon admission, as well as calculating the KYN/TRP ratio, can predict the survival outcome of patients with SARS-CoV-2.

CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA (2022)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Kynurenine pathway in Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Potential role in prognosis

Murat Cihan et al.

Summary: Inflammatory responses play a significant role in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. This study found that kynurenine metabolism has an impact on the disease severity of COVID-19, especially the kynurenine to tryptophan ratio and picolinic acid could serve as markers for identifying severe cases of COVID-19.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Untargeted metabolomics of COVID-19 patient serum reveals potential prognostic markers of both severity and outcome

Ivayla Roberts et al.

Summary: This study utilizes untargeted metabolomics analysis to evaluate 120 samples of COVID-19 patients and predict the severity and outcome of the infection. The study identifies a group of metabolites with relevant biological functions, such as deoxycytidine and ureidopropionate (indirectly reflecting viral load), kynurenine (reflecting host inflammatory response), and multiple short chain acylcarnitines (energy metabolism) that can predict disease severity and outcome.

METABOLOMICS (2022)

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Article Physiology

The Landscape of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases Involved in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection

Yajuan Feng et al.

Summary: This study analyzed the expression changes of human cytoplasmic and mitochondrial aaRSs during infections with three highly pathogenic coronaviruses, with a focus on SARS-CoV-2. The results showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection downregulates aaRSs at the mRNA level, but increases the protein levels of certain mt-aaRSs and the phosphorylation of specific aaRSs. Furthermore, the study identified the physical interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and human aaRSs, and identified potential key factors and pathways involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Immunology

Role of Lactate in Inflammatory Processes: Friend or Foe

Carolina Manosalva et al.

Summary: Lactate has pleiotropic effects on the inflammatory process and can exert both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. The effects of lactate depend on metabolic status, cell type, and the pathological process, and it can modulate signaling pathways that control the expression of inflammatory factors, immune response, and metabolism-related enzymes.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Sex differences in global metabolomic profiles of COVID-19 patients

Rocio Diaz Escarcega et al.

Summary: The study finds sex differences in metabolism and sexual dimorphism in the correlations between clinical parameters and metabolic profiles in severe COVID-19 patients, providing important knowledge for the development of sex-associated biomarkers and druggable targets for COVID-19 patients.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Large-Scale Multi-omic Analysis of COVID-19 Severity

Katherine A. Overmyer et al.

Summary: The study conducted RNA-seq and high-resolution mass spectrometry on blood samples from COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative patients, identifying molecular features associated with disease severity and outcomes, offering pathophysiological insights and therapeutic suggestions. The observed dysregulation of platelet function, blood coagulation, acute phase response, and endotheliopathy further illuminated the unique COVID-19 phenotype. The findings are presented through a web-based tool enabling interactive exploration and machine learning prediction of COVID-19 severity.

CELL SYSTEMS (2021)

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Editorial Material Cell Biology

SARS-CoV-2-induced lung pathology: AHR as a candidate therapeutic target

Federico Giovannoni et al.

Summary: The activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) by various viruses can help them evade the host immune response, which has been used in pre-clinical models to combat Zika and Influenza A. Recent studies have shown that AHR may drive excessive lung mucin secretion post SARS-CoV2 infection, potentially contributing to respiratory failure and suggesting its therapeutic potential.

CELL RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Characterization of NT-proBNP in a large cohort of COVID-19 patients

Juan Caro-Codon et al.

Summary: Research has shown that NT-proBNP levels are frequently elevated in COVID-19 patients and are strongly associated with prognosis.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE (2021)

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Article Virology

Understanding the pathophysiological changes via untargeted metabolomics in COVID-19 patients

Halef O. Dogan et al.

Summary: COVID-19 patients and healthy controls exhibit significant differences in metabolites such as purine, glutamine, leukotriene D4, and glutathione metabolism, suggesting their roles in the pathogenesis of the disease. Targeting these pathways with therapeutic approaches like selective leukotriene D4 receptor antagonists and glutamine supplementation may reduce the severity and mortality of COVID-19.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of COVID-19 Global Metabolomics Datasets

Zhiqiang Pang et al.

Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of global metabolomics datasets from three countries to identify key metabolic signatures characterizing COVID-19 disease progression and clinical outcomes, providing important insights for clinical care and therapeutics development.

METABOLITES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Increased kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio in the serum of patients infected with SARS-CoV2: An observational cohort study

Luana Lionetto et al.

Summary: The study revealed that the Kyn:Trp ratio significantly increases in patients infected with SARS-CoV2, and is associated with the severity of infection and lymphopenia. This suggests that the Kyn:Trp ratio may serve as a valuable biomarker for therapeutic intervention.

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Inflammation control and improvement of cognitive function in COVID-19 infections: is there a role for kynurenine 3-monooxygenase inhibition?

Mary E. W. Collier et al.

Summary: The kynurenine pathway (KP) is significantly activated in COVID-19 patients, affecting neurological functions and inflammation. Modulating this pathway may help reduce neurological symptoms.

DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Tryptophan Metabolites and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pathophysiology

George Anderson et al.

Summary: The metabolism of tryptophan plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, with AhR activation being a key factor in altering the nature of these responses.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Metabolomic analyses of COVID-19 patients unravel stage-dependent and prognostic biomarkers

Francois-Xavier Danlos et al.

Summary: The circulating metabolome provides insights into how the organism responds to pathogenic challenges. Alterations in the plasma metabolome of COVID-19 patients varied based on the severity of the disease, with major changes observed in critical patients compared to mild cases. Understanding these metabolic shifts could potentially help in identifying therapeutic targets for COVID-19.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Integrated cytokine and metabolite analysis reveals immunometabolic reprogramming in COVID-19 patients with therapeutic implications

Nan Xiao et al.

Summary: Metabolomic data and cytokine/chemokine profiling from stratified COVID-19 patients suggest a correlation between arginine, tryptophan, and purine metabolic pathways with hyperinflammation, potentially offering therapeutic targets for severe COVID-19 patients. Modulating metabolism can significantly impact the release of proinflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, indicating a potential strategy for treating fatal cytokine release syndrome in COVID-19.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Immunology

Microbiota Modulation of the Gut-Lung Axis in COVID-19

Gislane Lelis Vilela de Oliveira et al.

Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, affects respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, with prolonged gastrointestinal manifestations possibly linked to alterations in gut microbiota and immune responses; the bidirectional interactions between respiratory mucosa and gut microbiota may play a crucial role in immune responses to the virus.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Increased Kynurenine Indicates a Fatal Course of COVID-19

Harald Mangge et al.

Summary: Kynurenine is a promising blood biomarker for predicting mortality risk in severe COVID-19 cases, with KYN levels at the time of SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis serving as an early indicator of poor outcomes. Age, KYN, ferritin, and other markers were found to significantly impact survival time, underscoring the potential of Kynurenine as a prognostic tool in COVID-19 management.

ANTIOXIDANTS (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Amino Acid Metabolism is Significantly Altered at the Time of Admission in Hospital for Severe COVID-19 Patients: Findings from Longitudinal Targeted Metabolomics Analysis

Laura Ansone et al.

Summary: The study identified distinct metabolomic profiles in serum samples of COVID-19 patients at different disease stages, indicating the potential roles of tryptophan and arginine metabolism in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, the study suggests that glutamine deprivation may affect immune responses, and highlights the involvement of phenylalanine and tyrosine in the molecular mechanisms underlying severe COVID-19 infection. This research provides functional metabolic markers for disease progression and outcome prediction, suggesting metabolomic profiling as a promising method for personalized care strategies in COVID-19 patients.

MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Are Reduced Levels of Coagulation Proteins Upon Admission Linked to COVID-19 Severity and Mortality?

Francisco C. Ceballos et al.

Summary: This study examined the association of certain coagulation proteins with COVID-19 severity and mortality in 134 patients. Higher levels of these proteins were found in asymptomatic/mild and moderate patients, while lower levels were observed in those who developed severe illness. Survival models indicated that patients with lower levels of these proteins had an increased risk of death.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Systemic Perturbations in Amine and Kynurenine Metabolism Associated with Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Inflammatory Cytokine Responses

Nathan G. Lawler et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a unique metabolic phenotype, with significant perturbations in amino acid and kynurenine metabolic pathways, possibly leading to neurotoxicity, neurological disruption, and liver dysfunction. Additionally, there is a strong immunometabolic disorder in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, as evidenced by correlations between key metabolite changes and concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines.

JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

The serum metabolome of COVID-19 patients is distinctive and predictive

Ding Shi et al.

Summary: The serum metabolome of COVID-19 patients is distinctive and can be used for investigating pathogenesis, determining a diagnosis, predicting severe cases, and improving treatment. Specific metabolites were found to distinguish COVID-19 patients from healthy controls and predict disease progression, with some being recovered after discharge.

METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Metabolomics analysis reveals a modified amino acid metabolism that correlates with altered oxygen homeostasis in COVID-19 patients

Jose C. Paez-Franco et al.

Summary: Using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, we identified significant changes in serum metabolites associated with severe and mild COVID-19 patients, particularly in altered amino acid catabolism. The study found that three alpha-hydroxyl acids of amino acid origin increased with disease severity, correlating with changes in oxygen saturation levels and clinical markers of lung damage. The conversion of alpha-keto acids to alpha-hydroxyl acids is suggested to play a role in maintaining NAD recycling in patients with altered oxygen levels during SARS-CoV-2 infection, highlighting the potential importance of amino acid supplementation.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines on covid-19 related symptoms, hospital admissions, and mortality in older adults in England: test negative case-control study

Jamie Lopez Bernal et al.

Summary: This study estimated the real-world effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 and Oxford-AstraZeneca ChAdOx1-S vaccines against confirmed COVID-19 symptoms, hospital admissions, and deaths. The vaccines showed significant reduction in symptomatic COVID-19 among older adults and further protection against severe disease. Both vaccines demonstrated similar effects and protection was maintained for over 6 weeks.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

The COVID-19 puzzle: deciphering pathophysiology and phenotypes of a new disease entity

Marcin F. Osuchowski et al.

Summary: The zoonotic SARS-CoV-2 virus causing COVID-19 has devastating consequences worldwide, affecting primarily the respiratory system but also leading to long-term complications. Understanding the pathophysiology and immune response of COVID-19 is crucial for optimizing patient care and treatment strategies.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Psychology, Biological

A global database of COVID-19 vaccinations

Edouard Mathieu et al.

Summary: An effective rollout of COVID-19 vaccines is crucial in ending the pandemic, and Our World in Data's vaccination dataset tracks the progress and scale of vaccine distribution globally, aiding policymakers and researchers in understanding the global vaccination efforts.

NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Serum Metabolome of Moderate and Severe COVID-19 Patients Reflects Possible Liver Alterations Involving Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism

Marianna Caterino et al.

Summary: The study conducted a mass spectrometry-based targeted metabolomic analysis on 52 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, revealing distinct changes in serum metabolites levels, particularly increased levels of lactic acid in all forms of the disease. Pathway analysis indicated dysregulation in energy production and amino acid metabolism. Overall, the variations in the serum metabolome of COVID-19 patients suggest a systemic perturbation induced by SARS-CoV-2, potentially affecting liver metabolism of carbon and nitrogen.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Immunology

Cytokine Signature Associated With Disease Severity in COVID-19

Jing Guo et al.

Summary: This study identified a strong correlation between cytokine levels and disease severity in early-stage COVID-19 patients. Serum cytokines can be used as warning indicators for the progression and severity of COVID-19. Analysis of cytokines could predict the severity and progression of COVID-19.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Towards risk stratification and prediction of disease severity and mortality in COVID-19: Next generation metabolomics for the measurement of host response to COVID-19 infection

Paulo D'Amora et al.

Summary: This study investigated the association between host metabolic signatures and COVID-19 infection, finding that changes in specific metabolite concentrations could serve as predictors of disease severity and mortality. By analyzing metabolic profiles, individuals at higher risk of developing severe complications from COVID-19 infection could be identified, aiding in prognosis, risk stratification, and clinical management. Metabolic factors measured through plasma-based biochemical signatures may play a crucial role in determining the severity of Covid-19 and its implications for patient outcomes.

PLOS ONE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

AHR signaling is induced by infection with coronaviruses

Federico Giovannoni et al.

Summary: It has been found that coronaviruses activate AHR signaling, potentially impacting antiviral immunity and lung epithelial cells. The activation of AHR by coronaviruses is a common strategy to evade antiviral immunity and promote viral replication. This suggests that AHR could be a target for host-directed antiviral therapy.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

Targeting immunometabolism as an anti-inflammatory strategy

Eva M. Palsson-McDermott et al.

CELL RESEARCH (2020)

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Letter Infectious Diseases

An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time

Ensheng Dong et al.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Proteomic and Metabolomic Characterization of COVID-19 Patient Sera

Bo Shen et al.

CELL (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A shift in glutamine nitrogen metabolism contributes to the malignant progression of cancer

Manabu Kodama et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Review Oncology

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a clinical update

Min Zhou et al.

FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Pulmonary Vascular Endothelialitis, Thrombosis, and Angiogenesis in Covid-19

Maximilian Ackermann et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Immunology

COVID-19 and Treg/Th17 imbalance: Potential relationship to pregnancy outcomes

Kahinho P. Muyayalo et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Omics-Driven Systems Interrogation of Metabolic Dysregulation in COVID-19 Pathogenesis

Jin-Wen Song et al.

CELL METABOLISM (2020)

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Article Immunology

Short-Term Supplementation of Dietary Arginine and Citrulline Modulates Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Immune Status

Lourenco Ramos-Pinto et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

COVID-19 infection alters kynurenine and fatty acid metabolism, correlating with IL-6 levels and renal status

Tiffany Thomas et al.

JCI INSIGHT (2020)

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Review Cell Biology

Tryptophan Metabolism, Regulatory T Cells, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Mini Review

Xueyan Ding et al.

MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION (2020)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Differences in xanthotoxin metabolites in seven mammalian liver microsomes

Wenli Liu et al.

EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Intussusceptive angiogenesis in Covid-19: hypothesis on the significance and focus on the possible role of FGF2

Simone Meini et al.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The specific metabolome profiling of patients infected by SARS-COV-2 supports the key role of tryptophan-nicotinamide pathway and cytosine metabolism

H. Blasco et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Serum neopterin levels in relation to mild and severe COVID-19

Josefina Robertson et al.

BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Integrative Metabolomics to Identify Molecular Signatures of Responses to Vaccines and Infections

Joann Diray-Arce et al.

METABOLITES (2020)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Serine and Metabolism Regulation: A Novel Mechanism in Antitumor Immunity and Senescence

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AGING AND DISEASE (2020)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Role of inositol to improve surfactant functions and reduce IL-6 levels: A potential adjuvant strategy for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia?

Antonio Simone Lagana et al.

MEDICAL HYPOTHESES (2020)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Explore potential plasma biomarkers of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) using GC-MS metabolomics analysis

Shihui Lin et al.

CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY (2019)

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Article Physiology

Differential Metabolism of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids in Differentiated Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Astrocytes

Sarah Sonnay et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2019)

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Review Cell Biology

Roles of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in immune regulation and immune diseases

Anzheng Nie et al.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2019)

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Review Immunology

Tryptophan Metabolism in Inflammaging: From Biomarker to Therapeutic Target

Freek J. H. Sorgdrager et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2019)

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Review Immunology

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor and intestinal immunity

Bruno Lamas et al.

MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY (2018)

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Article Immunology

In vitro and in vivo Effects of Lactate on Metabolism and Cytokine Production of Human Primary PBMCs and Monocytes

Jacqueline M. Ratter et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Erythritol is a pentose-phosphate pathway metabolite and associated with adiposity gain in young adults

Katie C. Hootman et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2017)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

mixOmics: An R package for 'omics feature selection and multiple data integration

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PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY (2017)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Inflammaging decreases adaptive and innate immune responses in mice and humans

Daniela Frasca et al.

BIOGERONTOLOGY (2016)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Comparison of pre-processing methods for multiplex bead-based immunoassays

Tanja K. Rausch et al.

BMC GENOMICS (2016)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

α-Hydroxybutyric Acid Is a Selective Metabolite Biomarker of Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Jeff Cobb et al.

DIABETES CARE (2016)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

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Amanda W. S. Yeung et al.

CLINICAL SCIENCE (2015)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Bead-based multiplex immuno-assays for cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and other analytes: Median fluorescence intensities versus their derived absolute concentration values for statistical analysis

Edmond J. Breen et al.

CYTOKINE (2015)

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Editorial Material Immunology

The coevolution of IDO1 and AhR in the emergence of regulatory T-cells in mammals

Ursula Grohmann et al.

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Method development and validation for rat serum fingerprinting with CE-MS: application to ventilator-induced-lung-injury study

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Article Integrative & Complementary Medicine

The Cardioprotective Effects of Citric Acid and L-Malic Acid on Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Xilan Tang et al.

EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (2013)

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Review Virology

Viruses as key regulators of angiogenesis

Kristof Vrancken et al.

REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2011)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Effects of L-carnitine supplement on serum inflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein, lipoprotein (a), and oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients with Lp (a) hyperlipoproteinemia

Azam Shakeri et al.

HEMODIALYSIS INTERNATIONAL (2010)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases and their connections to disease

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2008)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

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Toyoko Arimoto et al.

NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING (2007)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Involvement of the extracellular signal regulated kinase pathway in hydrocarbon-induced reactive oxygen species formation in human neutrophil granulocytes

A Dreiem et al.

TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY (2003)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Redox- and oxidant-mediated regulation of interleukin-10: an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant cytokine?

JJ Haddad et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2002)

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Metabolic Profiling at COVID-19 Onset Shows Disease Severity and Sex-Specific Dysregulation

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