4.5 Article

Highly Sensitive Measurement of a Megahertz rf Electric Field with a Rydberg-Atom Sensor

期刊

PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
卷 18, 期 1, 页码 -

出版社

AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.18.014045

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资金

  1. National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFA0304800]
  2. National Natural Science Foundation of China [U20A20218, 61525504, 61435011]
  3. Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies [AHY020200]
  4. major science and technology projects in Anhui Province [202203a13010001]
  5. Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [2018490]

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In this study, we achieve highly sensitive measurement of a weak MHz electric field using Rydberg atoms in a thermal atomic system. Our method enables the measurement of electric field strength as low as 37.3 mu V/cm, with a sensitivity of -65 dBm/Hz and a linear dynamic range over 65 dB. Additionally, we successfully measure and demodulate an amplitude-modulated signal with a fidelity over 98%. This research has significant implications for advancing atomic electric field-sensing technology.
Rydberg atoms have great potential in electric field measurement and have an advantage with a large frequency bandwidth from the kHz to the THz scale. However, the sensitivity for measuring a weak MHz electric field signal is limited by the spectroscopic resolution, because the weak electric field induces only a small perturbation of the population and energy-level shift of the Rydberg atoms. Here, we report highly sensitive measurement of a weak MHz electric field using electromagnetically induced transparency with Rydberg atoms in a thermal atomic system. Using the heterodyne method on a 30-MHz electric field, we successfully measure the minimum electric field strength to be 37.3 mu V/cm with a sensitivity up to -65 dBm/Hz and a linear dynamic range over 65 dB. Additionally, we measure an amplitude-modulated signal and demodulate the signal with a fidelity over 98%. This work extends the sensitivity of atomic sensors for measuring MHz electric fields, which advances atomic electric field-sensing technology.

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