High-power energy harvesting and imperceptible pulse sensing through peapod-inspired hierarchically designed piezoelectric nanofibers

High-performance energy harvesting for human-sensing applications has been achieved through recent progress in piezoelectric-based wearable devices. Piezoelectric nanomaterials can be leveraged for flexibility and biocompatibility while also enhancing piezoelectricity. However, such nanomaterials exhibit low piezoelectricity, limits the industrial-scale development of highly efficient piezoelectric devices. Hence, design of novel materials to significantly enhance piezoelectricity is necessitated. Herein, we demonstrate that a peapod-inspired design in which ZnSnO3 anchored on surface-modified carbon nanotubes (CNT) allows significant enhancement of the piezoelectricity produced by poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene)-based (P(VDF-TrFE)-based) nanofibers (a piezoelectric material). The piezoelectric properties were exploited for the application of the as prepared nanofibers (NFs) in flexible NFs in energy-harvesting and pulse-sensing systems, which demonstrated high output power ((97.5 V and 1.16 mu A) as well as imperceptible pulse detection even in posterior tibial arteries. This work provides the scientific and engineering framework for delivering ZnSnO3-surface-modified CNT-P (VDF-TrFE) NFs excellent piezoelectric performance for use in piezoelectric devices.

Automated summary

Recent progress in piezoelectric-based wearable devices has achieved high-performance energy harvesting for human-sensing applications. However, existing piezoelectric nanomaterials have low piezoelectricity, limiting the industrial-scale development of efficient piezoelectric devices. This study demonstrates a peapod-inspired design, in which ZnSnO3 anchored on surface-modified carbon nanotubes, significantly enhances the piezoelectricity of P(VDF-TrFE)-based nanofibers. These nanofibers show great potential for use in flexible energy-harvesting and pulse-sensing systems, with high output power and imperceptible pulse detection.