The Effective Vector Boson Approximation in high-energy muon collisions

Due to the inclination for forward gauge radiation, lepton colliders beyond a few TeV are effectively electroweak (EW) boson colliders, suggesting the treatment of EW bosons as constituents of high-energy leptons. In the context of a muon collider, we revisit the validity of W and Z parton distribution functions (PDFs) at leading order in 2 -> n process. We systematically investigate universal and quasi-universal power-law and logarithmic corrections that arise when deriving (polarized) weak boson PDFs in the collinear limit. We go on to survey a multitude of 2 -> n processes at root s = 2-30 TeV via polarized and unpolarized EW boson fusion/scattering. To conduct this study, we report a public implementation of the Effective W/Z and Weizsacker-Williams Approximations, which we collectively call the Effective Vector Boson Approximation, into the Monte Carlo event generator MadGraph5_aMC@NLO. This implementation lays the groundwork for developing matrix-element matching prescriptions involving EW parton showers and renormalized EW PDFs. To further with this agenda, we give recommendations on using W/Z PDFs.

Automated summary

This study re-evaluates the validity of using W and Z parton distribution functions (PDFs) at leading order in 2 -> n processes in a muon collider, and investigates a variety of 2 -> n processes. To conduct this study, the Effective Vector Boson Approximation is implemented in the Monte Carlo event generator, laying the foundation for developing matrix-element matching prescriptions involving electroweak parton showers and renormalized electroweak PDFs.