期刊
BMC GERIATRICS
卷 22, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03354-3
关键词
Aging; Treadmill perturbation; First recovery step; Spatiotemporal parameters; Joint dynamics
资金
- Zhejiang Normal University (Jinhua, China)
- Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory (Rostock, Germany)
- German Research Foundation DFG [INST 264/137 - 1]
- Projekt DEAL
This study aimed to explore the mechanism of perturbation compensation by investigating gait characteristics and lower extremity joint moment effects in young and older subjects during gait recovery following slipping and stumbling. The results showed that the change in gait pattern was mainly reflected in an increase in step width. The compensatory mechanisms for gait perturbation in older subjects should focus on strategies involving the ankle and hip joints.
Background The lower extremity may play a crucial role in compensating for gait perturbations. The study aimed to explore the mechanism of perturbation compensation by investigating the gait characteristics and lower extremity joint moment effects in young (YS) and older subjects (OS) during the first recovery gait following slipping (slipping_Rec1) and stumbling (stumbling_Rec1). Method An automatic perturbation-triggered program was developed using D-Flow software based on the Gait Real-time Analysis Interactive Lab to induce the two aforementioned perturbations. Marker trajectories and ground reaction forces were recorded from 15 healthy YS (age: 26.53 +/- 3.04 years; body height: 1.73 +/- 0.07 m; body mass: 66.81 +/- 11.44 kg) and 15 healthy OS (age: 68.33 +/- 3.29 years; body height: 1.76 +/- 0.10 m; body mass: 81.13 +/- 13.99 kg). The Human Body Model was used to compute the variables of interest. One-way analysis of variance and independent samples t-test statistical analyses were performed. Results In slipping_Rec1 and stumbling_Rec1, the change in gait pattern was mainly reflected in a significant increase in step width, no alterations in step length and stance/swing ratio were revealed. Based on perturbed task specificity, lower extremity joint moments increased or decreased at specific phases of the gait cycle in both YS and OS in slipping_Rec1 and stumbling_Rec1 compared to normal gait. The two perturbed gaits reflected the respective compensatory requirements for the lower extremity joints, with both sagittal and frontal joint moments producing compensatory effects. The aging effect was not reflected in the gait pattern, but rather in the hip extension moment during the initial stance of slipping_Rec1. Conclusions Slipping appears to be more demanding for gait recovery than stumbling. Gait perturbation compensatory mechanisms for OS should concentrate on ankle strategy in the frontal plane and counter-rotation strategy around the hip.
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