Recent Advances in the Interfacial Shear and Dilational Rheology of Polymer Systems: From Fundamentals to Applications

The study of the viscoelastic properties of polymer systems containing huge internal two-dimensional interfacial areas, such as blends, foams and multilayer films, is of growing interest and plays a significant role in a variety of industrial fields. Hence, interfacial rheology can represent a powerful tool to directly investigate these complex polymer-polymer interfaces. First, the current review summarizes the theoretical basics and fundamentals of interfacial shear rheology. Particular attention has been devoted to the double-wall ring (DWR), bicone, Du Nouy ring and oscillating needle (ISR) systems. The measurement of surface and interfacial rheological properties requires a consideration of the relative contributions of the surface stress arising from the bulk sub-phases. Here, the experimental procedures and methodologies used to correct the numerical data are described considering the viscoelastic nature of the interface. Second, the interfacial dilational rheology is discussed, starting with the theory and underlying principles. In particular, the Langmuir trough method, the oscillating spinning drop technique and the oscillating pendant drop technique are investigated. The major pioneering studies and latest innovations dedicated to interfacial rheology in both shear and dilatation-compression are highlighted. Finally, the major challenges and limits related to the development of high-temperature interfacial rheology at the molten state are presented. The latter shows great potential for assessing the interfaces of polymer systems encountered in many high-value applications.

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This review paper discusses the importance of studying the viscoelastic properties of polymer systems with large internal two-dimensional interfacial areas, such as blends, foams, and multilayer films, in various industrial fields. Interfacial rheology is considered a powerful tool for directly investigating these polymer-polymer interfaces. The paper summarizes the theoretical basics and experimental methods of interfacial shear and dilational rheology, highlighting the pioneering studies and latest innovations in this field.