期刊
POLYMERS
卷 14, 期 12, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/polym14122389
关键词
bone tissue engineering; cell seeding; biofabrication; fused filament fabrication; 3D printing; bioactive glass; polymer ceramic composites; PLA bioglass
资金
- RMU-Initiativfond Forschung, Forderlinie 2 (IFFG-5)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)
- Open Access Publishing Fund of Technische Universitat Darmstadt
This study focuses on improving the treatment of bone defects using a custom-made filament for tissue engineering scaffolds. The scaffolds produced have optimized physico-mechanical and biological properties, and show potential for the treatment of critical-sized bone defects.
Large bone defects are commonly treated by replacement with auto- and allografts, which have substantial drawbacks including limited supply, donor site morbidity, and possible tissue rejection. This study aimed to improve bone defect treatment using a custom-made filament for tissue engineering scaffolds. The filament consists of biodegradable polylactide acid (PLA) and a varying amount (up to 20%) of osteoconductive S53P4 bioglass. By employing an innovative, additive manufacturing technique, scaffolds with optimized physico-mechanical and biological properties were produced. The scaffolds feature adjustable macro- and microporosity (200-2000 mu m) with adaptable mechanical properties (83-135 MPa). Additionally, controllable calcium release kinetics (0-0.25 nMol/mu L after 24 h), tunable mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) adhesion potential (after 24 h by a factor of 14), and proliferation (after 168 h by a factor of 18) were attained. Microgrooves resulting from the 3D-printing process on the surface act as a nucleus for cell aggregation, thus being a potential cell niche for spheroid formation or possible cell guidance. The scaffold design with its adjustable biomechanics and the bioglass with its antimicrobial properties are of particular importance for the preclinical translation of the results. This study comprehensibly demonstrates the potential of a 3D-printed bioglass composite scaffold for the treatment of critical-sized bone defects.
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