4.7 Article

Observation of Light-Induced Dipole-Dipole Forces in Ultracold Atomic Gases

期刊

PHYSICAL REVIEW X
卷 12, 期 3, 页码 -

出版社

AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.12.031018

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资金

  1. Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Y1121]
  2. DFG/FWF Collaborative Research Centre [SFB 1225]
  3. Erwin Schroedinger fellowship [J3680]
  4. Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action IF program-Project-Name Phononic Quantum Sensors for Gravity (PhoQuS-G) [832250]
  5. EU [765267]
  6. Wiener Wissenschafts-und Technologiefonds (WWTF) [MA16-066]
  7. ESQ (Erwin Schroedinger Center for Quantum Science and Technology) [801110]
  8. Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research (BMBWF)
  9. Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [832250] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
  10. Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Y1121] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)

向作者/读者索取更多资源

This study reports on the observation of mechanical deformation of an ultracold cloud of 87Rb atoms due to the collective interaction between the atoms and a homogeneous light field. The collective light scattering induces a self-confining potential with nonlocal properties, attractive for both red and blue-detuned light fields, and a remarkably strong force dependent on the gradient of atomic density.
Light-matter interaction is well understood on the single-atom level and routinely used to manipulate atomic gases. However, in denser ensembles, collective effects emerge that are caused by light-induced dipole-dipole interactions and multiple photon scattering. Here, we report on the observation of a mechanical deformation of a cloud of ultracold 87Rb atoms due to the collective interplay of the atoms and a homogenous light field. This collective light scattering results in a self-confining potential with interesting features: It exhibits nonlocal properties, is attractive for both red-and blue-detuned light fields, and induces a remarkably strong force that depends on the gradient of the atomic density. Our experimental observations are discussed in the framework of a theoretical model based on a local-field approach for the light scattered by the atomic cloud. Our study provides a new angle on light propagation in high-density ensembles and expands the range of tools available for tailoring interactions in ultracold atomic gases.

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