期刊
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
卷 305, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115071
关键词
Pregnancy smoking; Empathy; Expressed emotion; Prevention; Protective factors
资金
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [K23 DA037913, 3K23 DA037913-03S1, R01DA050700]
Smoking during pregnancy is related to empathy-related processes, specifically affect sharing. Affect sharing is inversely related to the number of cigarettes smoked per day after pregnancy recognition and moderates the relationship between pre-recognition smoking and post-recognition smoking.
Background: Spontaneous cessation and reduction in smoking by pregnant women suggest that concern about others, or empathy, could be a malleable target for intervention. We examined various empathy-related processes in relations to reported and biochemically assessed smoking during pregnancy. Methods: Participants were 154 pregnant women (M = 12.4 weeks gestation, SD = 4.6) who were smoking cigarettes immediately prior to pregnancy recognition (85 had quit and 69 were still smoking at enrollment). Empathy-related processes were measured with performance-based paradigms (affect sharing, empathic concern, and theory of mind) and a speech sample (expressed emotion). Smoking was assessed with timeline follow back interviews and urine cotinine assays. Using zero-inflated Poisson regression models, we tested direct and interactive effects of empathy-related processes with respect to biologically verified smoking cessation (zero portion); and mean cigarettes/day smoked after pregnancy recognition among persistent smokers (count portion). Results: Affect sharing was inversely related to post-recognition cigarettes/day (B(SE) =-0.17(0.07), 95% C.I.-0.30,-0.04, p = .011) and moderated the relationship between pre-recognition smoking and post-recognition smoking consistent with a buffering effect (B(SE) =-.17(0.05); 95% C.I. -0.28,-0.06; p = .002). Other empathy related processes showed neither direct nor interactive effects on smoking outcomes. Conclusions: Further research is recommended to clarify the role of empathy in pregnancy smoking.
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