期刊
NUTRIENTS
卷 14, 期 15, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu14153076
关键词
HAART; ARVs; Spirulina platensis; oxidative stress; HIV; antioxidant; inflammation; HAART toxicity; MetS
资金
- National Research Foundation Innovation Doctoral Scholarship [130023]
- University of KwaZulu Natal, College of Health Sciences Masters and Doctoral Research Scholarship
This review highlights the biochemical mechanism of Spirulina platensis (SP) and its potential in inhibiting HIV, inflammation, and oxidative stress. SP has been shown to regulate oxidative and inflammatory pathways and exhibit various beneficial properties, making it a potential supplement for HIV-infected persons on lifelong HAART.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the most prevalent diseases globally. It is estimated that 37.7 million people are infected with HIV globally, and 8.2 million persons are infected with the virus in South Africa. The highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) involves combining various types of antiretroviral drugs that are dependent on the infected person's viral load. HAART helps regulate the viral load and prevents its associated symptoms from progressing into acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Despite its success in prolonging HIV-infected patients' lifespans, the use of HAART promotes metabolic syndrome (MetS) through an inflammatory pathway, excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial dysfunction. Interestingly, Spirulina platensis (SP), a blue-green microalgae commonly used as a traditional food by Mexican and African people, has been demonstrated to mitigate MetS by regulating oxidative and inflammatory pathways. SP is also a potent antioxidant that has been shown to exhibit immunological, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, antidiabetic, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. This review is aimed at highlighting the biochemical mechanism of SP with a focus on studies linking SP to the inhibition of HIV, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Further, we propose SP as a potential supplement for HIV-infected persons on lifelong HAART.
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