期刊
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 13, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32554-z
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资金
- National Institutes of Health [R01 DE025432, R01 AI147372, R01 HD099857]
- Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) [OD011104]
- NIH Non-human Primate Reagent Resource [P40 OD028116]
Neonates and infants infected with HIV often fail to achieve sustained remission with early antiretroviral therapy, but early intervention with an integrase inhibitor may lead to viral remission.
Neonates and infants infected with HIV generally develop disease rapidly, with early antiretroviral therapy (ART) often failing to achieve a sustained state of ART-free virologic remission. Here, the authors study viral reservoirs in neonatal macaques with early initiation of ART and an integrase inhibitor. Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected infants generally fails to achieve a sustained state of ART-free virologic remission, even after years of treatment. Our studies show that viral reservoir seeding is different in neonatal macaques intravenously exposed to SIV at birth, in contrast to adults. Furthermore, one month of ART including an integrase inhibitor, initiated at day 3, but not day 4 or 5 post infection, efficiently and rapidly suppresses viremia to undetectable levels. Intervention initiated at day 3 post infection and continued for 9 months achieves a sustained virologic remission in 4 of 5 infants. Collectively, an early intervention strategy within a key timeframe and regimen may result in viral remission or successful post-exposure prophylaxis for neonatal SIV infection, which may be clinically relevant for optimizing treatment strategies for HIV-infected or exposed infants.
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