期刊
VIRUSES-BASEL
卷 14, 期 8, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v14081638
关键词
pseudorabies virus; pathogenesis; infection; prevention and control
类别
资金
- National Key Research and Development Program [2021YFD1801105]
- Zhongyuan High Level Talents Special Support Plan [204200510015, 211110111000]
- Fang's family (Hong Kong) foundation
Pseudorabies, caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV), is a highly infectious viral disease that affects various mammals including humans and pigs. Despite efforts to control the disease through vaccines and diagnostic methods, pseudorabies remains an important and prevalent infectious disease in the global pig industry.
Pseudorabies (PR), also called Aujeszky's disease (AD), is a highly infectious viral disease which is caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV). It has been nearly 200 years since the first PR case occurred. Currently, the virus can infect human beings and various mammals, including pigs, sheep, dogs, rabbits, rodents, cattle and cats, and among them, pigs are the only natural host of PRV infection. PRV is characterized by reproductive failure in pregnant sows, nervous disorders in newborn piglets, and respiratory distress in growing pigs, resulting in serious economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. Due to the extensive application of the attenuated vaccine containing the Bartha-K61 strain, PR was well controlled. With the variation of PRV strain, PR re-emerged and rapidly spread in some countries, especially China. Although researchers have been committed to the design of diagnostic methods and the development of vaccines in recent years, PR is still an important infectious disease and is widely prevalent in the global pig industry. In this review, we introduce the structural composition and life cycle of PRV virions and then discuss the latest findings on PRV pathogenesis, following the molecular characteristic of PRV and the summary of existing diagnosis methods. Subsequently, we also focus on the latest clinical progress in the prevention and control of PRV infection via the development of vaccines, traditional herbal medicines and novel small RNAs. Lastly, we provide an outlook on PRV eradication.
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