CRISPR-based systems for sensitive and rapid on-site COVID-19 diagnostics

The COVID-19 pandemic has strained healthcare systems. Sensitive, spe-cific, and timely COVID-19 diagnosis is crucial for effective medical intervention and transmission control. RT-PCR is the most sensitive/specific, but requires costly equipment and trained personnel in centralized laboratories, which are inaccessible to resource-limited areas. Antigen rapid tests enable point-of-care (POC) detection but are significantly less sensitive/specific. CRISPR-Cas systems are compatible with isothermal amplification and dip-stick readout, enabling sensitive/specific onsite testing. However, improvements in sensitivity and workflow complexity are needed to spur clinical adoption. We outline the mechanisms/strategies of major CRISPR-Cas systems, evaluate their on-site diagnostic capabilities, and discuss future research directions.

Automated summary

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed challenges to healthcare systems, and sensitive, specific, and timely diagnosis is crucial. While RT-PCR is highly sensitive and specific, it is not accessible to resource-limited areas. Antigen rapid tests enable on-site testing but are less sensitive and specific. CRISPR-Cas systems, with isothermal amplification and dip-stick readout, offer sensitive and specific on-site testing, but further improvements are needed for clinical adoption.