Exploration of hepatoprotective and antidiabetic potential of Senna occidentalis L. and isolation of bioactive compound by column chromatography

The therapeutic effects of a variety of herbal medicines are currently receiving a lot of attention. Senna occidentalis L. is an important herb that tribal people been using in the treatment of a wide range of hepatic problems. The objective of the present investigation was to scientifically validate the traditional claim of Senna occidentalis L. roots, with special reference to hepatoprotective and antidiabetic activity. The roots of authenticated herbs were subjected to extraction by the Soxhlet method. The roots of Senna occidentalis L. were successively extracted with different solvents. Presence of phytochemicals in extracts were recorded after screening. Acute toxicity study was performed as per OECD guidelines 420. After the in-vivo antidiabetic activity (Streptozocin induced model) and hepatoprotective activity (CCl4 induced model), the findings were recorded. The Ethanolic Extract (EE) was subjected to column chromatography, which was subjected to structural elucidation. Senna occidentalis L roots EE exhibited the presence of glycosides, phenols, tannins and flavonoids. The hepatoprotective activity of both the extracts, EE and Ethyl Acetate Extract (EAE) (using Carbon tetrachloride as a hepatotoxicity inducing agent) and hypoglycemic activity (using Streptozocin as a diabetes-inducing agent) in laboratory animals was performed. The findings of hepatoprotective activity exhibited that a maximum reduction in serum ALT level was recorded by EE extracts at a dose of 400 mg/kg. Observations in histopathological examinations revealed that the EE of Senna occidentalis L. is potent enough to protect against cellular damage at a dose of 400 mg/kg. The EE (400 mg/kg) reduced the blood glucose level significantly. Senna occidentalis L. has shown to have hepatoprotective and antidiabetic activity in animal models. When the responses of the two extracts were compared, the EE (400 mg/kg) was found to be more significant in terms of hepatoprotective and anti-diabetic activity. The chromatography of EE was done by column chromatography. Crystals of the isolated compound were isolated, and it was identified as quercetin using Infrared Spectroscopy, H-1 NMR Spectroscopy, C-13 NMR Spectroscopy, and Mass Spectroscopy. The proposed secondary metabolites accountable for hepatoprotective and antidiabetic activity were flavonoids, which have resulted in positive outcomes. (C) 2022 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

The study validated the traditional claims of Senna occidentalis L. roots in hepatoprotective and antidiabetic activity, showing significant effects in protecting the liver and reducing blood glucose levels. The compound quercetin was identified as a key component responsible for these activities.