4.8 Article

A gap in nitrous oxide emission reporting complicates long-term climate mitigation

出版社

NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200354119

关键词

N cycling; soil N2O; GHG accounting; ecosystem modeling

资金

  1. US Forest Service [18-CR-11242305-109]
  2. US Department of Agriculture (USDA) UV-B Monitoring and Research Program, Colorado State University, USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2016-34263-25763]
  3. USDA GHG and DayCent modeling Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreements (NACA Agreements) [58-30129-012, 58-3012-1-015]

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This article points out that the calculation of N2O emissions is likely underestimated in cold climate regions, which poses additional risks to achieving long-term climate goals. Current reporting frameworks mainly focus on reducing carbon compounds, but the accurate accounting and mitigation of N2O are also crucial.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important greenhouse gas (GHG) that also contributes to depletion of ozone in the stratosphere. Agricultural soils account for about 60% of anthropogenic N2O emissions. Most national GHG reporting to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change assumes nitrogen (N) additions drive emissions during the growing season, but soil freezing and thawing during spring is also an important driver in cold climates. We show that both atmospheric inversions and newly implemented bottom-up modeling approaches exhibit large N2O pulses in the northcentral region of the United States during early spring and this increases annual N2O emissions from croplands and grasslands reported in the national GHG inventory by 6 to 16%. Considering this, emission accounting in cold climate regions is very likely underestimated in most national reporting frameworks. Current commitments related to the Paris Agreement and COP26 emphasize reductions of carbon compounds. Assuming these targets are met, the importance of accurately accounting and mitigating N2O increases once CO2 and CH4 are phased out. Hence, the N2O emission underestimate introduces additional risks into meeting long-term climate goals.

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