期刊
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
卷 41, 期 9, 页码 E358-E364出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003607
关键词
Alpha variant; children; household transmission; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; variants of concern
The Alpha variant of SARS-CoV-2 showed high transmissibility among children and adults in a nursery cluster in Niigata, Japan. The household secondary attack rates were higher for children-origin and adult-origin infections compared to non-VOCs. Increased transmissibility of current or future VOCs could lead to greater transmission from children to adults or other children.
Background: Spread of variants of concerns (VOCs) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to an increase in children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In February 2021, clusters of the Alpha variant of SARS-CoV-2 started to be reported in Niigata, Japan, including a large nursery cluster. We investigated the transmission routes and household secondary attack rates (SARs) in this cluster. Methods: Epidemiologic data related to a nursery cluster in Niigata, Japan, particularly child-origin and adult-origin SARs, were analyzed. VOCs were confirmed by whole-genome sequencing of virus from patients. Results: In total, 42 persons (22 children and 20 adults) in the cluster were infected with the Alpha variant. In the nursery, 13 of 81 children (16.0%) and 4 of 24 teachers (16.7%) were infected. SARS-CoV-2 later spread to 25 persons (10 children and 15 adults) outside the nursery. Child-origin and adult-origin household SARs were 27.7% (13/47) and 47.0% (8/17) (P = 0.11), respectively, which were higher than rates attributable to non-VOCs in previous studies. Conclusions: As compared with non-VOCs, the Alpha variant of SARS-CoV-2 exhibited high transmissibility among children and adults and may pose a high risk for household secondary transmission from SARS-CoV-2-infected children. Increased transmissibility of current or future VOCs could lead to greater transmission from children to adults or other children.
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