Association of medial gastrocnemius adiposity with poststroke severe malnutrition and functional performance of activities of daily living in older patients: a prospective analysis

Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Malnutrition in Relation to Muscle Mass, Muscle Quality, and Muscle Strength in Hospitalized Older Adults

Lingling Xie et al.

Summary: This study aimed to explore the associations of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM)-defined malnutrition with muscle mass, muscle quality, and muscle strength in hospitalized older adults.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Association between food texture levels consumed and the prevalence of malnutrition and sarcopenia in older patients after stroke

Akio Shimizu et al.

Summary: This study found that consuming lower food texture levels in stroke patients was associated with a higher prevalence of malnutrition and sarcopenia.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Predictive Validity of Body Mass Index Cutoff Values Used in the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition Criteria for Discriminating Severe and Moderate Malnutrition Based on In-Patients With Pneumonia in Asians

Akio Shimizu et al.

Summary: The study aimed to investigate the predictive validity of BMI cutoff values of the GLIM criteria for pneumonia patients in Asians aged 65 and above. Results suggested that the BMI cutoff values may be valid for patients aged 70 and above, further research is needed to validate the cutoff value for older adults aged below 70 years.

JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Increased intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps is more strongly related to declines in ADL than is loss of muscle mass in older inpatients

Naoki Akazawa et al.

Summary: Increased intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps is more strongly related to declines in activities of daily living (ADL) compared to loss of muscle mass in older inpatients. Randomized controlled trials are needed to determine if reducing intramuscular adipose tissue leads to improvements in ADL for this population.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Review Physiology

Echo intensity as an indicator of skeletal muscle quality: applications, methodology, and future directions

Matt S. Stock et al.

Summary: EI shows promise as a novel tool for studying muscle quality, particularly in researching muscular aging. However, inconsistencies in methodological approaches used across laboratories make it unclear whether EI can be used as a marker of muscle glycogen following exercise and nutritional interventions, or if EI is influenced by hydration status.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Calf circumference value for sarcopenia screening among older adults with stroke

Tatsuro Inoue et al.

Summary: The study confirmed the validity of AWGS-recommended calf circumference (CC) cut-off values for identifying sarcopenia in older patients with stroke. Predictive characteristics of sarcopenia differed between men and women, suggesting different cut-off values for screening purposes.

ARCHIVES OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Short energy intake is associated with muscle mass loss in older patients with type 2 diabetes: A prospective study of the KAMOGAWA-DM cohort

Rena Kawano et al.

Summary: Insufficient energy intake is associated with muscle mass loss in older people with type 2 diabetes. It is recommended for older patients to consume enough energy to maintain muscle mass.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Increased intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps is related to decreased activities of daily living in patients who have had a stroke

Naoki Akazawa et al.

Summary: This study revealed a negative relationship between intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps on the paretic and non-paretic sides at admission and activities of daily living (ADL) at discharge in stroke patients. Assessment and interventions of intramuscular adipose tissue in the quadriceps may be essential for predicting and improving ADL outcomes in stroke patients.

NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Intramuscular adipose tissue in the quadriceps is more strongly related to recovery of activities of daily living than muscle mass in older inpatients

Naoki Akazawa et al.

Summary: This study found that greater intramuscular adipose tissue in the quadriceps at admission is more strongly related to worse recovery of activities of daily living (ADL) in older inpatients, while muscle mass is not significantly associated with ADL recovery.

JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE (2021)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Muscle Assessment by Ultrasonography: Agreement with Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and Relationship with Physical Performance

M. Neira Alvarez et al.

Summary: This study found that the thickness of the gastrocnemius medialis measured by ultrasound is reliable and correlates well with DXA and CC values, as well as muscle performance. In older participants, the thickness of the gastrocnemius medialis is significantly correlated with appendicular lean mass, CC, gait speed, Short Physical Performance Battery, and grip strength.

JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Prevalence of Malnutrition Diagnosed with GLIM Criteria and Association with Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Acute Stroke

Masafumi Nozoe et al.

Summary: Malnutrition diagnosed with the GLIM criteria is negatively associated with activities of daily living (ADL) and discharge destination in patients with acute stroke. Further research is needed to explore the impact of malnutrition on functional outcomes in stroke patients using these criteria.

JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES (2021)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Delayed Dysphagia May Be Sarcopenic Dysphagia in Patients After Stroke

Akio Shimizu et al.

Summary: The combination of severely low muscle strength and decreased muscle mass is independently associated with the development of delayed dysphagia after stroke. Delayed dysphagia has a negative impact on the improvement of dysphagia during in-hospital rehabilitation, emphasizing the importance of early identification and intervention.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Relationship between Energy Intake and Changes in Thigh Echo Intensity during the Acute Phase of Stroke in Older Patients with Hemiplegia

Yoji Kokura et al.

Summary: This study found that higher energy intake during the first 7 days after admission was associated with a smaller increase in the rate of change in thigh echo intensity on the nonparalyzed side in older patients with hemiplegia.

MEDICAL PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics