4.8 Editorial Material

Novelty, uncertainty, and the looming horizon

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Summary: This study aims to unravel the influence of novelty and uncertainty on the balance between exploration and exploitation. The study identifies separate mechanisms through which exploration is directed, showing that uncertainty-directed exploration is sensitive to the potential benefit of new information, while novelty-directed exploration is maintained regardless of potential advantages. Furthermore, using fMRI and computational framework, the study reveals that uncertainty-directed choice is rooted in an adaptive bias, while novelty persistently promotes exploration by inflating reward expectations.

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Striatal activity underlies novelty-based choice in humans

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