Recent Strategies in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Sequential C-H Activation/Annulation for One-Step Construction of Functionalized Indazole Derivatives

Designing new synthetic strategies for indazoles is a prominent topic in contemporary research. The transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation/annulation sequence has arisen as a favorable tool to construct functionalized indazole derivatives with improved tolerance in medicinal applications, functional flexibility, and structural complexity. In the current review article, we aim to outline and summarize the most common synthetic protocols to use in the synthesis of target indazoles via a transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation/annulation sequence for the one-step synthesis of functionalized indazole derivatives. We categorized the text according to the metal salts used in the reactions. Some metal salts were used as catalysts, and others may have been used as oxidants and/or for the activation of precatalysts. The roles of some metal salts in the corresponding reaction mechanisms have not been identified. It can be expected that the current synopsis will provide accessible practical guidance to colleagues interested in the subject.

Automated summary

The transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation/annulation sequence has become a favorable tool for designing new synthetic strategies to produce indazoles, enabling the one-step synthesis of functionalized derivatives. The roles of some metal salts in the corresponding reaction mechanisms have not been identified.