期刊
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
卷 66, 期 17, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200077
关键词
cardiovascular diseases; diabetes; methylation; obesity; single nucleotide polymorphism
资金
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, BMBF) [01EA1709, 84]
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the of the EU Joint Programming Initiative A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life [01EA1902A]
- Projekt DEAL
This article summarizes the evidence for the impact of genetic and epigenetic factors on diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, and evaluates the effectiveness of genotype-based nutrition advice. The study finds that there is generally a lack of evidence for the success of gene-based dietary recommendations, suggesting the need for future personalized nutrition solutions to incorporate more phenotypic measures and individualized tools.
With the presentation of the blueprint of the first human genome in 2001 and the advent of technologies for high-throughput genetic analysis, personalized nutrition (PN) becomes a new scientific field and the first commercial offerings of genotype-based nutrition advice emerge at the same time. Here, the state of evidence for the effect of genetic and epigenetic factors in the development of obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and resulting illnesses such as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases is summarized. This study also critically value the concepts of PN that are built around the new genetic avenue from both the academic and a commercial perspective and their effectiveness in causing sustained changes in diet, lifestyle, and for improving health. Despite almost 20 years of research and commercial direct-to-consumer offerings, evidence for the success of gene-based dietary recommendations is still generally lacking. This calls for new concepts of future PN solutions that incorporate more phenotypic measures and provide a panel of instruments (e.g., self- and bio-monitoring tools, feedback systems, algorithms based on artificial intelligence) that increases compliance based on the individual ' s physical and social environment and value system.
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