期刊
KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
卷 64, 期 10, 页码 2833-2847出版社
SPRINGER LONDON LTD
DOI: 10.1007/s10115-022-01726-0
关键词
Learning to rank; Simulated annealing strategy; Dependent click model; Hybrid online-offline learning
资金
- Minia University, Egypt
- STDF
This paper compares the application of offline and online LTR in information retrieval and proposes a new offline ranking strategy. It also introduces a hybrid approach that combines online and offline LTR techniques and demonstrates through experiments that offline LTR outperforms online LTR.
Learning to rank (LTR) is the process of constructing a model for ranking documents or objects. It is useful for many applications such as Information retrieval (IR) and recommendation systems. This paper introduces a comparison between Offline and Online (LTR) for IR. It also proposes a novel Offline (1 + 1)-Simulated Annealing Strategy (SAS-Rank) and introduces the first Hybrid Online-Offline LTR techniques using SAS-Rank and ES-Rank with Online Dependent Click Model (DCM). SAS-Rank is a combination of Simulated Annealing method and Evolutionary Strategy. From the obtained experimental results, we can conclude that the Offline LTR techniques outperformed the well-known Online Dependent Click Model (DCM) technique. Moreover, the Hybrid Online-Offline SAS-Click outperformed the predictive ranking results on unseen data in most evaluation fitness metrics using LETOR 4 dataset compared to other approaches. On the other hand, Hybrid ES-Click is a competitive approach with SAS-Click in evolving ranking models for training and validation data. Regarding Offline LTR, the SAS-Rank outperformed the well-known ES-Rank which has been compared in previous studies with fourteen machine learning techniques. This research uses the best available Linear LTR approaches existing in the literature which are offline ES-Rank with Online DCM. The linear LTR approach output is a linear ranking model which can be represented as a vector of feature importance weights. This paper demonstrated the results and findings obtained using the LETOR 4 dataset, and Java Archive Package is provided for facilitating reproducible research.
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