Synthesis and computational studies of potent antimicrobial and anticancer indolone scaffolds with spiro cyclopropyl moiety as a novel design element

The indolones nucleus is the central core to develop new effective anticancer agents and its substitution at the 3-position can affect antitumor activity, 3-spirocyclopropyl-2-oxindoles have attracted the scientist's community to design and develop expedition's strategies towards their construction and explore the potential of this useful scaffold with their newer derivatives in medicinal world. The present paper describes the synthesis of 3-spirocyclopropyl-2-indolone derivatives in three steps via synthesis of ylide leading to methylene-indolinones followed by the formation of the final product spirocyclopropyl oxindole derivatives with improved yields. In this milieu we considered motivating to advance exploration the biological potencies and computational studies of our newly synthesized molecules. The aimed target molecules were screened for antimicrobial and anticancer activities where they exhibited substantial effective antimicrobial activities. Amongst them, potent compound, bromospirocyclopropyl indolone, 6d displayed encouraging MIC ranging from 0.007 to 0.49 mu g/mL for gram positive microbes and also substantial anticancer activity with an IC50 of 11.5 mu g/mL. Finally, the computational modelling studies were performed to explore structure-activity relationship analysis. Active site of receptor protein shows docking scores of these molecules as - 5.78 kcal/mol and -5.097 kcal/mol for the docked target proteins. The binding energy of the best score is found to be -41.67 kcal/mol to -44.67 kcal/mol. Thus, the present paper efficaciously validated spirocyclopropyl indolone framework for drug candidates as potent anticancer as well as antimicrobial compounds.

Automated summary

This study describes the synthesis of 3-spirocyclopropyl-2-indolone derivatives in three steps, leading to improved yields. The screened compounds showed significant antimicrobial and anticancer activities, with bromospirocyclopropyl indolone exhibiting the most promising results. Computational modelling studies were also conducted to explore the structure-activity relationship analysis.