Temperature-controlled slot-die coating for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Currently, the main challenge in the field of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is to transform lab-scale into industryrelated processes for commercialization; however, most of the scalable fabrication has employed many processing treatments, which are incompatible with large-scale mass production. Hence, for the purpose of simple and useful scaled-perovskite film processing, the hot slot-die coating method is presented. This technique releases a hot solution through a hot slot-die head and deposits it onto a hot substrate. The temperature-controlled head and bed can have a significant impact on the perovskite morphology and device performance, and at optimal processing temperatures (head: 75 degrees C, bed 150 degrees C), the hot slot-die device shows a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.05% without other processing treatments. In addition, the optimum condition was employed to fabricate the scaled device, having a comparable PCE of 14.61%, which comes close to the cell efficiency prepared by the spin-coating method. This hot slot-die coating approach can provide a simple and useful way to fabricate the perovskite film to achieve highly efficient and reliable PSCs and acceptable potential for industrial uses.

Automated summary

The main challenge in the field of perovskite solar cells is to transform lab-scale processes into industry-related processes for commercialization. The hot slot-die coating method provides a simple and efficient way to fabricate perovskite films, achieving high power conversion efficiency and device performance by controlling temperature and coating speed.