Reference Genome of the California Sheephead, Semicossyphus pulcher (Labridae, Perciformes), A Keystone Fish Predator in Kelp Forest Ecosystems

Keystone species are known to play a critical role in kelp forest health, including the well-known killer whales, sea otter, sea urchin, kelp trophic cascade in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA. In California, a major player in the regulation of sea urchin abundance, and in turn, the health of kelp forests ecosystems, is a large wrasse, the California Sheephead, Semicossyphus pulcher. We present a reference genome for this ecologically important species that will serve as a key resource for future conservation research of California's inshore marine environment utilizing genomic tools to address changes in life-history traits, dispersal, range shifts, and ecological interactions among members of the kelp forest ecological assemblages. Our genome assembly of S. pulcher has a total length of 0.794 Gb, which is similar to many other marine fishes. The assembly is largely contiguous (N50 = 31.9 Mb) and nearly complete (BUSCO single-copy core gene content = 98.1%). Within the context of the California Conservation Genomics Project (CCGP), the genome of S. pulcher will be used as an important reference resource for ongoing whole genome resequencing efforts of the species.

Automated summary

Keystone species, such as the California Sheephead, play a critical role in regulating sea urchin abundance and maintaining the health of kelp forests. A reference genome for the California Sheephead is presented, which will serve as an important resource for conservation research in California's marine environment.