Defective bone repletion in aged Balb/cBy mice was caused by impaired osteoblastic differentiation

Introduction This study was undertaken to gain mechanistic information about bone repair using the bone repletion model in aged Balb/cBy mice. Materials and methods one month-old (young) mice were fed a calcium-deficient diet for 2 weeks and 8 month-old (adult) and 21-25 month-old (aged) female mice for 4 weeks during depletion, which was followed by feeding a calcium-sufficient diet for 16 days during repletion. To determine if prolonged repletion would improve bone repair, an additional group of aged mice were repleted for 4 additional weeks. Control mice were fed calcium-sufficient diet throughout. In vivo bone repletion response was assessed by bone mineral density gain and histomorphometry. In vitro response was monitored by osteoblastic proliferation, differentiation, and senescence. Results There was no significant bone repletion in aged mice even with an extended repletion period, indicating an impaired bone repletion. This was not due to an increase in bone cell senescence or reduction in osteoblast proliferation, but to dysfunctional osteoblastic differentiation in aged bone cells. Osteoblasts of aged mice had elevated levels of cytosolic and ER calcium, which were associated with increased Cav1.2 and CaSR (extracellular calcium channels) expression but reduced expression of Orai1 and Stim1, key components of Stored Operated Ca2+ Entry (SOCE). Activation of Cav1.2 and CaSR leads to increased osteoblastic proliferation, but activation of SOCE is associated with osteoblastic differentiation. Conclusion The bone repletion mechanism in aged Balb/cBy mice is defective that is caused by an impaired osteoblast differentiation through reducedactivation of SOCE.

Automated summary

This study reveals the mechanism of impaired osteoblast differentiation in aged bone cells, which is caused by reduced activation of SOCE. This finding is important for understanding the mechanism of fracture repair in the elderly.