期刊
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
卷 298, 期 7, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102111
关键词
-
资金
- JSPS KAKENHI [16K14882, 17H05437, 20H02899]
- DOE [DE-FC02-02ER63421, DE-AR0000556]
Mevalonate 3,5-bisphosphate decarboxylase is an important enzyme in the Thermoplasma-type mevalonate pathway. This study determined its crystal structure and elucidated its catalytic and regulatory mechanisms.
Mevalonate 3,5-bisphosphate decarboxylase is involved in the recently discovered Thermoplasma-type mevalonate pathway. The enzyme catalyzes the elimination of the 3 -phosphate group from mevalonate 3,5-bisphosphate as well as concomitant decarboxylation of the substrate. This entire reaction of the enzyme resembles the latter half-reactions of its homologs, diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase and phospho-mevalonate decarboxylase, which also catalyze ATP-dependent phosphorylation of the 3-hydroxyl group of their substrates. However, the crystal structure of mevalonate 3,5-bisphosphate decarboxylase and the structural reasons of the difference be-tween reactions catalyzed by the enzyme and its homologs are unknown. In this study, we determined the X-ray crystal structure of mevalonate 3,5-bisphosphate decarboxylase from Picrophilus torridus, a thermoacidophilic archaeon of the order Thermoplasmatales. Structural and mutational analysis demonstrated the importance of a conserved aspartate residue for enzyme activity. In addition, although crystallization was performed in the absence of substrate or ligands, residual electron density having the shape of a fatty acid was observed at a position overlapping the ATP-binding site of the homologous enzyme, diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase. This finding is in agreement with the expected evolutionary route from phosphomevalonate decarboxylase (ATP-dependent) to mevalonate 3,5-bisphosphate decarboxylase (ATP -indepen-dent) through the loss of kinase activity. We found that the binding of geranylgeranyl diphosphate, an intermediate of the archeal isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway, evoked significant activation of mevalonate 3,5-bisphosphate decarboxylase, and several mutations at the putative geranylgeranyl diphosphate- binding site impaired this activation, suggesting the physio-logical importance of ligand binding as well as a possible novel regulatory system employed by the Thermoplasma-type mevalonate pathway.
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