Prospects of sustainable photovoltaic powered thermoelectric cooling in zero energy buildings: A review

Thermoelectric module (TEM) is a scalable, reliable, and noise-free solid-state device that converts thermal energy into electrical energy and vice-versa. TEM has been explored for cogeneration, electronics cooling, power production, waste heat harnessing, and air-conditioning. The potential applications of TEM-based systems are in the building, for heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC), which represents its significant share in the energy consumption in the building sector. A photovoltaic powered thermoelectric system has even a stronger techno-economical potential. The main objective of the study is to explore the potential of PV-powered thermoelectric technology as a distributed air-conditioning system in buildings. In this study, a comprehensive review on PV-powered thermoelectric technology is presented in addition to several new design concepts for application in future development of sustainable zero energy building technologies in view of sustainability and global climate change concerns. A novel STEM-Wall concept is also discussed concerning future thermoelectric system designs for buildings. Additionally, the thermal comfort aspect of HVAC systems is critically analyzed by reviewing the standard predicted mean vote and predicted percentage of dissatisfied indices. The research outcome, analysis, and potential of TEM applications for future sustainability and thermal comfort in buildings are presented. Further follow-up research areas are also identified.

Automated summary

This study explores the potential of PV-powered thermoelectric technology as a distributed air-conditioning system in buildings. It provides a comprehensive review of the technology and introduces several new design concepts. The study also critically analyzes the thermal comfort aspect of HVAC systems and discusses a novel thermoelectric system design concept. The research reveals the potential of TEM applications for future sustainability and thermal comfort in buildings and identifies further research areas.