期刊
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
卷 61, 期 30, 页码 10818-10836出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01640
关键词
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资金
- ARBRE [N?, HN0001343]
- European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [ANR-11-LABX-0029]
- Normandy Region [ANR-18-EURE-0020]
- po?le CTM (Continuum Terre-Mer) - Region Normandie [Chem 2019NU01FOBC08, 17P04374]
- pole CTM (Continuum Terre-Mer) de Normandie Universit??
- Erasmus programme
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
- Labex SynOrg
- Carnot Institute I2C, graduate school for reasearch XL-Chem
- Region Normandie
- FEDER RIN Green
This study focuses on developing a kinetic model for the production of n-butyl levulinate (BL) from sugar butanolysis over heterogeneous catalysts. The complex kinetics of sugar monomer butanolysis over heterogeneous catalysts, due to various side reactions, such as esterification and humin production, were investigated. A reliable model was developed by primarily focusing on the butanolysis of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (5-HMF) over Amberlite IR-120.
Alkyl levulinates such as n-butyl levulinate (BL) can play an important role in the fuel sector. Classically, BL is produced from the esterification of levulinic acid, but the butanolysis (or alcoholysis) of sugars requires less stages. The industrialization of this process requires the development of process flow diagrams and thus the knowledge of reaction kinetics and thermodynamics. To the best of our knowledge, there are no kinetic models for the production of BL from sugar butanolysis over heterogeneous catalysts. The kinetics of sugar monomer butanolysis is complex over heterogeneous catalysts due to several side reactions, for example, esterification and humin productions. Hence, developing a kinetic model strategy is vital by primarily focusing on the butanolysis of 5-HMF over Amberlite IR-120. The butanolysis of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (5-HMF) is the crucial step for the production of BL. The effects of temperature, catalyst, and 5-HMF loadings and catalyst deactivation on the kinetics of the different species were investigated. Then, different kinetic models were developed and tested by cross-validation. Special attention was given to vary widely the reaction temperature, catalyst, and 5-HMF loadings. To increase the accuracy of the estimation stage, independent experiments of levulinic and formic acid esterification, side products of 5-HMF dehydration, were included. It was found that the developed model with more reaction steps and by considering the reaction of humin production from 5-HMF as first order was the most reliable model.
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