Linking Distributed and Integrated Fiber-Optic Sensing

Article Geochemistry & Geophysics

Wavefield-based evaluation of DAS instrument response and array design

Jack B. Muir et al.

Summary: Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) networks offer cost-effective, highly dense spatial sampling of the seismic wavefield by utilizing pre-deployed telecomm fibre in urban settings, but face challenges in providing a complete picture of the horizontal seismic wavefield and limited ability for holistic instrument response analysis.

GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Optical interferometry-based array of seafloor environmental sensors using a transoceanic submarine cable

G. Marra et al.

Summary: Optical fiber-based sensing technology can utilize existing submarine communication cables as seafloor sensors to detect earthquakes and ocean signals. This technique allows for the installation of numerous real-time environmental sensors on the undersea cables without the need for changes to the underwater infrastructure.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Geochemistry & Geophysics

Sensitivity kernels for transmission fibre optics

Andreas Fichtner et al.

Summary: Transmission-based fibre-optic sensing offers a distributed measurement alternative to scattering-based techniques. This study develops a formalism to calculate sensitivity kernels of transmitted optical phase changes, proving that optical phase delays can effectively provide distributed measurements when analyzed in different time windows.

GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Geochemistry & Geophysics

Theory of phase transmission fibre-optic deformation sensing

Andreas Fichtner et al.

Summary: This paper presents a theory and conceptual examples of fibre-optic deformation sensing using the phase changes of transmitted light. The study establishes a nonlinear relation between observable phase changes and the deformation tensor along the fibre, taking into account the local changes in fibre length and deformation-induced changes of the local refractive index. The research shows that phase changes can be calculated from distributed strain measurements by integrating the in-line strain along the fibre multiplied by the local refractive index. The paper also explores the directional sensitivity of fibre points in measuring deformation, which is determined by fibre curvature and spatial variability of the refractive index. The results provide a mathematical foundation for the analysis of transmission-based fibre-optic sensing data and its application in seismic event characterization and Earth structure studies.

GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Fiber-Optic Seismology

Nathaniel J. Lindsey et al.

Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Optical polarization-based seismic and water wave sensing on transoceanic cables

Zhongwen Zhan et al.

Summary: Using fiber-optic sensing technology to detect seismic and water waves along submarine cables can fill data gaps in submarine earthquake research and has potential implications for earthquake and tsunami monitoring. This method, which does not require specialized equipment, is highly scalable.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Geochemistry & Geophysics

Distributed Acoustic Sensing in Volcano-Glacial Environments-Mount Meager, British Columbia

Sara Klaasen et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the logistic feasibility and scientific potential of using distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) in challenging environments like the Mount Meager alpine volcano-glacial region, detecting unexpected seismic activity and developing a beamforming algorithm based on signal-to-noise ratios.

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH (2021)

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Article Geochemistry & Geophysics

Distributed Acoustic Sensing Using Dark Fiber for Array Detection of Regional Earthquakes

Avinash Nayak et al.

Summary: The study tested the ability of a dark-fiber DAS array in northern California to detect small seismic phases from distant seismic events, showing significant potential of DAS for local and regional detection of small seismic events.

SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS (2021)

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Article Optics

Polarization sensing using submarine optical cables

Antonio Mecozzi et al.

Summary: This study analyzes the polarization modulation at the output of a submarine link, providing insights into the factors affecting the observed polarization modulation and suggesting that pressure-induced strain may be the origin of the observed polarization modulations in long submarine cables.

OPTICA (2021)

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Article Geochemistry & Geophysics