1H NMR to analyse the lipid profile in the glyceride fraction of different categories of Iberian dry-cured hams

The extraordinary organoleptic qualities of Iberian ham derive from the singular producing pig breed and from the traditional rearing conditions, both of which define its lipid content and composition. In this work 1H NM R spectroscopy is used for the first time to analyse the lipid profile of Iberian hams as determinant of quality. Quantification of fatty acids is readily obtained from the spectra, with the monounsaturated fat t y acids standing out, especially in the higher quality hams. Unprecedently, triacylglyceride hydrolysis products formed during the curing process can also be directly detected and quantified. Furthermore, chemometric analysis of the NMR data allows to classify Iberian hams according to the pig's crossbreed and feeding regime. Principal component analysis show s fatty acid unsaturation and triacylglyceride hydrolysis as discriminating variables. H-1 NM R spectroscopy has thus revealed as a convenient and power f u l tool for the lipid analysis and classification of Iberian hams and for detection of fraud.

Automated summary

This study used 1H NMR spectroscopy to analyze the lipid profile of Iberian hams for the first time, revealing that fatty acid concentration and triacylglyceride hydrolysis products are key determinants of quality. Additionally, chemometric analysis allowed for classification of Iberian hams based on pig breed and feeding regime.