☆ 4.6 Review

The intestinal immune system and gut barrier function in obesity and ageing

FEBS JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Pathology

Chronic Intestinal Inflammation Suppresses Brain Activity by Inducing Neuroinflammation in Mice

Jonathon Mitchell et al.

Summary: Chronic gut inflammation, such as inflammatory bowel disease, may lead to reduced brain activity, decreased memory, and activation of neuroinflammatory signals, potentially caused by the transmission of HMGB1 from the intestine to the brain. Increased blood-brain barrier permeability may exacerbate inflammatory responses in the brain.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Bacterial neurotoxic metabolites in multiple sclerosis cerebrospinal fluid and plasma

Achilles Ntranos et al.

Summary: The study identified that patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis treated with dimethyl fumarate show a significant depletion of gut microbiota and potential neurotoxicity induced by phenol and indole derivatives of bacterial origin. The metabolites identified, such as p-cresol sulphate, indoxyl sulphate and N-phenylacetylglutamine, were associated with changes in neurofilament light chain levels and cortical volume in MRI measurements. This suggests that bacterial-derived metabolites from the breakdown of tryptophan and phenylalanine may play a role in mediating gut-brain communication and neurotoxicity in multiple sclerosis.

BRAIN (2022)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Trimethylamine N-oxide promotes hyperlipidemia acute pancreatitis via inflammatory response

Guodong Yang et al.

Summary: This study found that TMAO promotes the occurrence of hyperlipidemia acute pancreatitis (HAP) by activating the TLR/p65 signaling pathway, while the choline analog 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) has a reversing effect on this process.

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Human gut bacteria produce TH17-modulating bile acid metabolites

Donggi Paik et al.

Summary: This study identifies bile acids produced by gut bacteria that inhibit the differentiation of T(H)17 cells, a key immune cell type involved in inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. The levels of these bile acids are reduced in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and are inversely correlated with the expression of T(H)17-cell-associated genes.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Insulin resistance per se drives early and reversible dysbiosis-mediated gut barrier impairment and bactericidal dysfunction

Dalale Gueddouri et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that acute insulin resistance and hyperglycemia induced by an insulin receptor antagonist in mice can lead to increased gut permeability without systemic inflammatory response. Additionally, this treatment results in gut dysbiosis and defects in gut barrier function, but discontinuation of the treatment can restore gut microbial balance and intestinal barrier integrity promptly.

MOLECULAR METABOLISM (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes: Maintainers of intestinal immune tolerance and regulators of intestinal immunity

Haitao Ma et al.

Summary: Intestinal immune tolerance is crucial for preventing abnormal immune responses to antigens from the gut, with IELs playing a significant role in maintaining this balance. Specific subgroups of IELs have the potential to regulate intestinal immunity and tolerance effectively.

JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Microbiology

The gut microbiota-brain axis in behaviour and brain disorders

Livia H. Morais et al.

Summary: This Review discusses the intricate and potentially important connections between the gut microbiota and the brain, involving bidirectional communication along the gut-brain axis. Emerging evidence suggests that disruptions in microbial communities may be implicated in neurological disorders, with animal models providing valuable insights into the pathways linking the gut and the brain which could have tangible impacts on human health.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

A polyphenol-rich dietary pattern improves intestinal permeability, evaluated as serum zonulin levels, in older subjects: The MaPLE randomised controlled trial

Cristian Del Bo et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that a polyphenol-rich diet can reduce serum zonulin levels, decrease blood pressure, and increase beneficial bacteria in the gut. These findings may open avenues for further research on dietary interventions for managing intestinal permeability, inflammation, and gut function in diverse populations.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Stem-like intestinal Th17 cells give rise to pathogenic effector T cells during autoimmunity

Alexandra Schnell et al.

Summary: This study characterized the heterogeneity, plasticity, and migratory phenotypes of tissue Th17 cells in different states, revealing their roles in intestinal and central nervous system autoimmune inflammation. The research found that intestinal Th17 cells not only maintain tissue homeostasis but also directly contribute to the development of extra-intestinal autoimmune diseases.

CELL (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

High-Fat Diet and Age-Dependent Effects of IgA-Bearing Cell Populations in the Small Intestinal Lamina Propria in Mice

Yuta Sakamoto et al.

Summary: This study investigated the impaired immune functions in diet-induced obese mice by evaluating the distribution of Igs in intestinal villi. Results showed a decrease in IgA, IgM, and IgG1 levels in the intestinal villi of mice fed a high-fat diet compared to those fed a standard diet, suggesting an impaired mucosal immune function due to diet-induced obesity.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

NAD+ metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing

Anthony J. Covarrubias et al.

Summary: NAD(+) is a crucial coenzyme in redox reactions and plays a pivotal role in energy metabolism. Its levels decline with age, and raising NAD(+) levels is being explored as a potential strategy to extend human lifespan and healthspan. NAD(+) influences key cellular processes and functions, including metabolic pathways, DNA repair, and cellular senescence, with implications for healthy aging and age-related diseases.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

The cholesterol metabolite 25-hydroxycholesterol restrains the transcriptional regulator SREBP2 and limits intestinal IgA plasma cell differentiation

Bruno C. Trindade et al.

Summary: The cholesterol metabolite 25-hydroxycholesterol impacts intestinal B cell response by restricting plasma cell differentiation and promoting IgA secretion. The 25-HC-SREBP2 axis plays a crucial role in shaping the humoral response at the intestinal barrier, revealing insights into the effect of high dietary cholesterol on intestinal immunity.

IMMUNITY (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Role of gut microbiota in regulating gastrointestinal dysfunction and motor symptoms in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

Yogesh Bhattarai et al.

Summary: Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder associated with alterations in gut microbiota and epithelial barrier function. In a mouse model, chronic rotenone treatment resulted in changes in gut microbiota composition and increased intestinal permeability, exacerbating motor deficits.

GUT MICROBES (2021)

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Article Behavioral Sciences

Age-related cognitive decline is associated with microbiota-gut-brain axis disorders and neuroinflammation in mice

Mei-Ling Wu et al.

Summary: Age-related cognitive decline is associated with disruptions in the microbiota-gut-brain axis, resulting in deficits in learning and memory, neuronal and synaptic function, dysbiosis of gut microbiota, and increased inflammation in the brain in aged mice. These disruptions are linked to the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway by LPS, contributing to neuroinflammation and cognitive decline.

BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Psychiatry

Understanding the Connection Between the Gut-Brain Axis and Stress/Anxiety Disorders

Younjung Lee et al.

Summary: The microbiota-gut-brain axis involves a bidirectional relationship between the brain and gastrointestinal organs, with onset of anxiety disorders possibly correlated with this mechanism. There is a potential for using gastrointestinal system drugs such as probiotics and antibiotics as treatments for anxiety disorders. New strategies employing the microbiota-gut-brain axis mechanism are expected to be developed for not only anxiety disorders, but also other psychiatric diseases.

CURRENT PSYCHIATRY REPORTS (2021)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Reduced immune-regulatory molecule expression on human colonic memory CD4 T cells in older adults

Stephanie M. Dillon et al.

Summary: The study found that older individuals had higher frequencies of colonic CD4 T cells, but lower expression of inhibitory markers such as CTLA-4 and PD-1. However, similar changes were not observed in CD4 T cells from peripheral blood in the same age group.

IMMUNITY & AGEING (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Microbiota-Derived β-Amyloid-like Peptides Trigger Alzheimer's Disease-Related Pathways in the SH-SY5Y Neural Cell Line

Aitor Blanco-Miguez et al.

Summary: This study presents evidence of A beta-like peptides released from the gut microbiome, with one peptide inducing pathways related to Alzheimer's disease in neuron cell-line model. It opens new approaches for understanding the relationship between gut microbiota and AD, suggesting potential implications for targeted microbiota modification in animal models to study the role of gut bacteria in this progressive disease.

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Meta-analysis of the Parkinson's disease gut microbiome suggests alterations linked to intestinal inflammation

Stefano Romano et al.

Summary: Recent studies have shown significant alterations in the gut microbiome of Parkinson's disease patients compared to healthy individuals, which may result in a pro-inflammatory status and impact the symptoms and pathophysiology of the disease.

NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Western diet induces Paneth cell defects through microbiome alterations and farnesoid X receptor and type I interferon activation

Ta-Chiang Liu et al.

Summary: Western diet can lead to dysfunction of Paneth cells and inhibit gut innate immunity. Obesity and high-fat diet may affect Paneth cells through microbiota and biological signaling pathways, contributing to diseases such as Crohn's disease.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Food colorants metabolized by commensal bacteria promote colitis in mice with dysregulated expression of interleukin-23

Zhengxiang He et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that azo dyes Red 40 and Yellow 6 can induce IBD-like colitis in mice expressing IL-23, with the microbiota playing a role in metabolizing the dyes into harmful substances.

CELL METABOLISM (2021)

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Review Neurosciences

Dietary Regulation of Gut-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: Importance of Microbiota Metabolites

Dulce M. Frausto et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a global neurodegenerative disease that is influenced by genetics, environment, and lifestyle. Diet plays a crucial role as an environmental factor, affecting cognitive function and memory. Microbiota metabolites have been shown to impact brain function and the development of Alzheimer's disease.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

High-fat diet and dyslipidemia synergistically contribute to T cell senescence in gut associated lymphoid tissue

Yuchen Li et al.

Summary: Recent studies have linked obesity with systemic T cell senescence and thymus involution, but the influence of high-fat diet (HFD) and diet composition on premature T cell senescence remains unclear. This study showed that HFD components synergistically induce T cell senescence in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) with dyslipidemia. The results demonstrated a shift from naive to effector-memory (EM) phenotype in T cells and up-regulation of PD1 and KLRG1 in DIO mice, highlighting the complex interplay of HFD, obesity, and intestinal immunity.

EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY (2021)

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Article Microbiology

A fiber-deprived diet causes cognitive impairment and hippocampal microglia-mediated synaptic loss through the gut microbiota and metabolites

Hongli Shi et al.

Summary: The study indicates that a diet lacking in fiber may lead to cognitive impairment, predominantly through altering the gut microbiota-hippocampal axis. These findings are crucial in highlighting the adverse effects of dietary fiber deficiency on brain function.

MICROBIOME (2021)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

The twilight of the immune system: The impact of immunosenescence in aging

Jack Feehan et al.

Summary: Cellular senescence is a critical part of human anti-tumor defence, but the accumulation of senescent cells with age can lead to various pathologies. Immunosenescence, the senescent change in immune cells, has a wide range of physiological effects and is partially responsible for many diseases associated with aging. Understanding the effects and mechanisms of immunosenescence can improve disease outcomes and prevention in older adults, and lead to new treatments for common illnesses.

MATURITAS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Nicotinamide mononucleotide increases muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women

Mihoko Yoshino et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that NMN supplementation can enhance insulin sensitivity, insulin signaling, and remodeling in women with prediabetes who are overweight or obese, improving their metabolic function.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Immunology

Preoperative Microbiomes and Intestinal Barrier Function Can Differentiate Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease From Normal Neurocognition in Elderly Patients Scheduled to Undergo Orthopedic Surgery

Mei Duan et al.

Summary: This study identified preoperative differences in intestinal microbiota (IM) and barrier function between pAD patients (SCD and aMCI) and NC patients. Dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction in the intestines of SCD and aMCI patients were observed, along with elevated plasma LPS and CRP in SCD patients.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Neurosciences

The Contribution of Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis in the Development of Brain Disorders

Jessica Maiuolo et al.

Summary: This article explores the relationship between gut microbiota and neurological pathologies. Scientific studies have shown that the co-metabolism between microbiota and the host system is crucial for immune system organization, and that microbiota plays a significant role in the development, physiology, and cognitive functions of the brain. The alterations in gut microbiota have been closely associated with the onset of various neurological pathologies, suggesting that microbiota could be a valuable target for reducing or modulating the incidence of certain neurological diseases.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Article Immunology

Th17 Immunity in the Colon Is Controlled by Two Novel Subsets of Colon-Specific Mononuclear Phagocytes

Hsin-I. Huang et al.

Summary: Intestinal immunity is regulated by distinct mononuclear phagocyte populations, with colon-specific subsets of macrophages and Th17-inducing dendritic cells identified. These colon-specific cells express CD24 and CD14, and are dependent on the transcription factor IRF4. They play essential roles in Th17 immunity in the colon, demonstrating organ-specific requirements for antigen presenting cells in Th17 immunity in the colon and small intestine.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Microbiology

A bacterial bile acid metabolite modulates Treg activity through the nuclear hormone receptor NR4A1

Wei Li et al.

Summary: Bile acids regulate immune balance by affecting T cell differentiation, with isoalloLCA promoting T-reg cell differentiation through chromatin structure changes; gut bacteria capable of producing isoalloLCA belong to common human gut bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes, and NR4A1 is essential for isoalloLCA's effects on T-reg cells; significantly reduced levels of isoalloLCA in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases suggest a critical role for isoalloLCA and its bacterial producers in maintaining immune homeostasis in humans.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Erythritol Ameliorates Small Intestinal Inflammation Induced by High-Fat Diets and Improves Glucose Tolerance

Rena Kawano et al.

Summary: The study revealed that mice fed with water containing 5% erythritol under a high-fat diet had lower body weight, improved glucose tolerance, and higher energy expenditure. Furthermore, the erythritol group showed better outcomes in terms of liver fat deposition, adipocyte size, and intestinal inflammation compared to the control group.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Immunology

An integrin αEβ7-dependent mechanism of IgA transcytosis requires direct plasma cell contact with intestinal epithelium

Mauricio Guzman et al.

Summary: This study found that the deficiency of alpha E leads to a lack of luminal IgA in mice, despite normal immune cell recruitment and increased receptor expression. The researchers propose a new mechanism where a subset of plasma cells directly interacts with intestinal epithelium to transport IgA into the gut.

MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Malnutrition in Older Adults-Recent Advances and Remaining Challenges

Kristina Norman et al.

Summary: Malnutrition in older adults is a challenging health concern associated with increased mortality, physical decline, and disease. Disease is the most cited cause of malnutrition in developed countries, while hidden deficiencies make it difficult to assess nutritional status. Understanding and treating malnutrition in the elderly presents challenges, with a focus on age-related changes and disease risk factors.

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Serum and Fecal Markers of Intestinal Inflammation and Intestinal Barrier Permeability Are Elevated in Parkinson's Disease

Laura Dumitrescu et al.

Summary: Parkinson's disease is characterized by alpha-synuclein misfolding with intraneuronal amyloid formation, low-grade neuroinflammatory changes, and selective neurodegeneration. Evidence suggests that the disease may originate in the gut, with markers of intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction linked to PD. Calprotectin and zonulin levels were found to be significantly higher in the serum and feces of PD patients, indicating a potential association between gut health and sporadic PD. More research in larger cohorts is needed to further investigate this relationship.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Article Immunology

Prebiotic Inulin and Sodium Butyrate Attenuate Obesity-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction by Induction of Antimicrobial Peptides

Julia Beisner et al.

Summary: This study showed that supplementation with inulin or sodium butyrate improved diet-induced liver steatosis in obese mice, reduced weight gain, liver weight, plasma and hepatic triglyceride levels. The supplementation also induced expression of Paneth cell antimicrobials, contributing to improved intestinal barrier function.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Propionic Acid Rescues High-Fat Diet Enhanced Immunopathology in Autoimmunity via Effects on Th17 Responses

Stefanie Haase et al.

Summary: High-fat diets are linked to obesity and autoimmune diseases, with short-chain fatty acid propionate showing potential in counteracting the pro-inflammatory state induced by high-fat diets. By enhancing regulatory T cell functionality, propionate can prevent disease progression.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Role of Goblet Cells in Intestinal Barrier and Mucosal Immunity

Songwei Yang et al.

Journal of Inflammation Research (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Hippocampal Function Is Impaired by a Short-Term High-Fat Diet in Mice: Increased Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability and Neuroinflammation as Triggering Events

Gabriela Cristina de Paula et al.

Summary: High-fat diets can rapidly trigger hippocampal dysfunction, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and neuroinflammation, ultimately leading to breakdown of synaptic and metabolic function. Treatment with a TNF-alpha inhibitor can mitigate behavioral and blood-brain barrier changes caused by high-fat diet feeding.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Gut microbial metabolite urolithin B attenuates intestinal immunity function in vivo in aging mice and in vitro in HT29 cells by regulating oxidative stress and inflammatory signalling

Peng Chen et al.

Summary: Urolithin B (Uro B) has been shown to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, with potential to ameliorate intestinal immunity function and protect against aging-related injuries in mice. This compound could be considered as a healthcare product for preventing diseases associated with immune system aging.

FOOD & FUNCTION (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

The role of integrins in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease: Approved and investigational anti-integrin therapies

Iris Dotan et al.

MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS (2020)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Dietary intake and biomarkers of linoleic acid and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Jun Li et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION (2020)

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Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Vitamin D signaling maintains intestinal innate immunity and gut microbiota: potential intervention for metabolic syndrome and NAFLD

Yilan Zeng et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Bile acid receptors FXR and TGR5 signaling in fatty liver diseases an therapy

John Y. L. Chiang et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Kynurenine signaling through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor: Implications for aging and healthspan

Helen Kaiser et al.

EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Dysregulated Gut Homeostasis Observed Prior to the Accumulation of the Brain Amyloid-β in Tg2576 Mice

Pedram Honarpisheh et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Metformin Reduces Aging-Related Leaky Gut and Improves Cognitive Function by Beneficially Modulating Gut Microbiome/Goblet Cell/Mucin Axis

Shokouh Ahmadi et al.

JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES (2020)

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Age-Related Differences in the Gut Microbiome of Rhesus Macaques

Julie Adriansjach et al.

JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Aging Increases the Severity of Colitis and the Related Changes to the Gut Barrier and Gut Microbiota in Humans and Mice

Ailing Liu et al.

JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Microbial bile acid metabolites modulate gut RORγ+ regulatory T cell homeostasis

Xinyang Song et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Lipoteichoic acid from the cell wall of a heat killed Lactobacillus paracasei D3-5 ameliorates aging-related leaky gut, inflammation and improves physical and cognitive functions: from C. elegans to mice

Shaohua Wang et al.

GEROSCIENCE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Intestinal barrier function is maintained with aging - a comprehensive study in healthy subjects and irritable bowel syndrome patients

Ellen Wilms et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

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Article Allergy

Can blocking inflammation enhance immunity during aging?

Emma S. Chambers et al.

JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Protective effects of Akkermansia muciniphila on cognitive deficits and amyloid pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Zihao Ou et al.

NUTRITION & DIABETES (2020)

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Review Immunology

The Links Between the Gut Microbiome, Aging, Modern Lifestyle and Alzheimer's Disease

Sholpan Askarova et al.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Immunology

Human Gut-Microbiota Interaction in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Current Engineered Tools for Its Modeling

Florencia Andrea Ceppa et al.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Immunology

27-Hydroxycholesterol contributes to cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice through microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal barrier dysfunction

Ying Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mucosal-associated invariant T cells promote inflammation and intestinal dysbiosis leading to metabolic dysfunction during obesity

Amine Toubal et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The alteration of gut microbiome and metabolism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients

Qianqian Zeng et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Indoles from the commensal microbiota act via the AHR and IL-10 to tune the cellular composition of the colonic epithelium during aging

Domonica N. Powell et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

AhR activation defends gut barrier integrity against damage occurring in obesity

Barbara G. Postal et al.

MOLECULAR METABOLISM (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Insulin Resistance is Associated with Gut Permeability Without the Direct Influence of Obesity in Young Adults

Lusikelelwe Mkumbuzi et al.

DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY-TARGETS AND THERAPY (2020)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Altered gut microbiota in Parkinson's disease patients/healthy spouses and its association with clinical features

Fan Zhang et al.

PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Dietary simple sugars alter microbial ecology in the gut and promote colitis in mice

Shahanshah Khan et al.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

CD38 ecto-enzyme in immune cells is induced during aging and regulates NAD+ and NMN levels

Claudia C. S. Chini et al.

NATURE METABOLISM (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Senescent cells promote tissue NAD+ decline during ageing via the activation of CD38+ macrophages

Anthony J. Covarrubias et al.

NATURE METABOLISM (2020)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Differences in circulating appetite-related hormone concentrations between younger and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kelsie Olivia Johnson et al.

AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Biology

The stress polarity signaling (SPS) pathway serves as a marker and a target in the leaky gut barrier: implications in aging and cancer

Pradipta Ghosh et al.

LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE (2020)

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Article Rheumatology

Reduction of circulating innate lymphoid cell progenitors results in impaired cytokine production by innate lymphoid cells in patients with lupus nephritis

Seungwon Ryu et al.

ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY (2020)

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Intestinal alkaline phosphatase targets the gut barrier to prevent aging

Florian Kuehn et al.

JCI INSIGHT (2020)

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Type 2 diabetes influences bacterial tissue compartmentalisation in human obesity

Fernando F. Anhe et al.

NATURE METABOLISM (2020)

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Review Neurosciences

The Gut Microbiome Alterations and Inflammation-Driven Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Diseasea Critical Review

Marta Sochocka et al.

MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY (2019)

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Review Immunology

T lymphocytes in the intestinal mucosa: defense and tolerance

Hongdi Ma et al.

CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Immunology

Spatial and Temporal Mapping of Human Innate Lymphoid Cells Reveals Elements of Tissue Specificity

Naomi A. Yudanin et al.

IMMUNITY (2019)

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Review Immunology

Gut microbiota in neurodegenerative disorders

Suparna Roy Sarkar et al.

JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Immunology

c-Maf-dependent Treg cell control of intestinal TH17 cells and IgA establishes host-microbiota homeostasis

Christian Neumann et al.

NATURE IMMUNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Age-associated Impairment of the Mucus Barrier Function is Associated with Profound Changes in Microbiota and Immunity

Bruno Sovran et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Function and dysfunction of plasma cells in intestine

Xue Wang et al.

CELL AND BIOSCIENCE (2019)

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Review Immunology

Functions of Macrophages in the Maintenance of Intestinal Homeostasis

Shuai Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist indigo protects against obesity-related insulin resistance through modulation of intestinal and metabolic tissue immunity

Yi-Hsuan Lin et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY (2019)

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Article Immunology

The Intestine Harbors Functionally Distinct Homeostatic Tissue-Resident and Inflammatory Th17 Cells

Sara Omenetti et al.

IMMUNITY (2019)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

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Sodium oligomannate therapeutically remodels gut microbiota and suppresses gut bacterial amino acids-shaped neuroinflammation to inhibit Alzheimer's disease progression

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Gut-associated IgA+ immune cells regulate obesity-related insulin resistance

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Microanatomical dissection of human intestinal T-cell immunity reveals site-specific changes in gut-associated lymphoid tissues over life

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NAD+ supplementation rejuvenates aged gut adult stem cells

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Circulating Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in a Large Cohort of Healthy Chinese Individuals From Newborn to Elderly

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Peripheral Inflammation Regulates CNS Immune Surveillance Through the Recruitment of Inflammatory Monocytes Upon Systemic α-Synuclein Administration

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A high linoleic acid diet exacerbates metabolic responses and gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese rats with diabetes mellitus

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Multi-omic analysis in transgenic mice implicates omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid imbalance as a risk factor for chronic disease

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Age-dependent shift in macrophage polarisation causes inflammation-mediated degeneration of enteric nervous system

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NAD metabolism fuels human and mouse intestinal inflammation

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Impaired Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Ligand Production by the Gut Microbiota Is a Key Factor in Metabolic Syndrome

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Systemic Inflammation Mediates Age-Related Cognitive Deficits

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Butyrate and Dietary Soluble Fiber Improve Neuroinflammation Associated With Aging in Mice

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Commensal bacteria contribute to insulin resistance in aging by activating innate B1a cells

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Frontline Science: Tryptophan restriction arrests B cell development and enhances microbial diversity in WT and prematurely aging Ercc1-/Δ7 mice

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Altered Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

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Short Chain Fatty Acids Enhance Aryl Hydrocarbon (Ah) Responsiveness in Mouse Colonocytes and Caco-2 Human Colon Cancer Cells

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Secretory Products of the Human GI Tract Microbiome and Their Potential Impact on Alzheimer's Disease (AD): Detection of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in AD Hippocampus

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Lipoteichoic Acid of Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Attenuates Poly I:C-Induced IL-8 Production in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells

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Letter Geriatrics & Gerontology

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Aged Gut Microbiota Contributes to Systemical Inflammaging after Transfer to Germ-Free Mice

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Effects of Food Additives on Immune Cells As Contributes to Body Weight Gain and Immune-Mediated Metabolic Dysregulation

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The effect of age on the intestinal mucus thickness, microbiota composition and immunity in relation to sex in mice

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Age-Associated Microbial Dysbiosis Promotes Intestinal Permeability, Systemic Inflammation, and Macrophage Dysfunction

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Type I interferon responses drive intrahepatic T cells to promote metabolic syndrome

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The Intestinal Immune System in Obesity and Insulin Resistance

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Colonic Pro-inflammatory Macrophages Cause Insulin Resistance in an Intestinal Ccl2/Ccr2-Dependent Manner

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High-fat diet modifies the PPAR-γ pathway leading to disruption of microbial and physiological ecosystem in murine small intestine

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Alterations of the human gut microbiome in multiple sclerosis

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An Increase in the Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio Increases the Risk for Obesity

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A genome-wide systems analysis reveals strong link between colorectal cancer and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbial metabolite of dietary meat and fat

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Jejunal T Cell Inflammation in Human Obesity Correlates with Decreased Enterocyte Insulin Signaling

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Regulation of Obesity-Related Insulin Resistance with Gut Anti-inflammatory Agents

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The Gut Microbiota Regulates Intestinal CD4 T Cells Expressing RORγt and Controls Metabolic Disease

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Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Dietary Lipids Aggravates WAT Inflammation through TLR Signaling

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Altered Distribution and Increased IL-17 Production by Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in Adult and Childhood Obesity

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Claudin-4 Undergoes Age-Dependent Change in Cellular Localization on Pig Jejunal Villous Epithelial Cells, Independent of Bacterial Colonization

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Dietary emulsifiers impact the mouse gut microbiota promoting colitis and metabolic syndrome

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Intestinal FXR agonism promotes adipose tissue browning and reduces obesity and insulin resistance

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NAD+ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration

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A host-microbiome interaction mediates the opposing effects of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids on metabolic endotoxemia

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Aging of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract: a complex organ system

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AGE (2014)

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Interleukin-22 alleviates metabolic disorders and restores mucosal immunity in diabetes

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A Gpr120-selective agonist improves insulin resistance and chronic inflammation in obese mice

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The Decrease in Number and Change in Phenotype of Mucosal-Associated Invariant T cells in the Elderly and Differences in Men and Women of Reproductive Age

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Paneth Cells: Maestros of the Small Intestinal Crypts

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IL-10 Promotes Production of Intestinal Mucus by Suppressing Protein Misfolding and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Goblet Cells

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Tryptophan Catabolites from Microbiota Engage Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Balance Mucosal Reactivity via Interleukin-22

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The functional maturation of M cells is dramatically reduced in the Peyer's patches of aged mice

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Human type 1 innate lymphoid cells accumulate in inflamed mucosa! tissues

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Inflammation switches the differentiation program of Ly6Chi monocytes from antiinflammatory macrophages to inflammatory dendritic cells in the colon

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AHR drives the development of gut ILC22 cells and postnatal lymphoid tissues via pathways dependent on and independent of Notch

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Intestinal barrier dysfunction links metabolic and inflammatory markers of aging to death in Drosophila

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Innate Lymphoid Cells Promote Anatomical Containment of Lymphoid-Resident Commensal Bacteria

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Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation in Elderly Persons Is Associated with Altered Tryptophan and Tyrosine Metabolism: Role in Neuropsychiatric Symptoms

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Aging correlates with reduction in regulatory-type cytokines and T cells in the gut mucosa

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Increased Intestinal Permeability Correlates with Sigmoid Mucosa alpha-Synuclein Staining and Endotoxin Exposure Markers in Early Parkinson's Disease

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Small intestinal CD103+ dendritic cells display unique functional properties that are conserved between mice and humans

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