期刊
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
卷 21, 期 10, 页码 1405-1417出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2102484
关键词
Antigen design; Borrelia; genetic engineering; Lyme borreliae
类别
资金
- NIH [R21AI144891]
- DoD [TB190048]
This review summarizes the challenges faced in the development of Lyme disease vaccines and the antigen engineering approaches and mechanisms that can be utilized to improve the safety and efficacy of these vaccines.
Introduction Transmitted by ticks, Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in the Northern hemisphere. Despite the geographical expansion of human Lyme disease cases, no effective preventive strategies are currently available. Developing an efficacious and safe vaccine is therefore urgently needed. Efforts have previously been taken to identify vaccine targets in the causative pathogen (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) and arthropod vector (Ixodes spp.). However, progress was impeded due to a lack of consumer confidence caused by the myth of undesired off-target responses, low immune responses, a limited breadth of immune reactivity, as well as by the complexities of the vaccine process development. Area covered In this review, we summarize the antigen engineering approaches that have been applied to overcome those challenges and the underlying mechanisms that can be exploited to improve both safety and efficacy of future Lyme disease vaccines. Expert opinion Over the past two decades, several new genetically redesigned Lyme disease vaccine candidates have shown success in both preclinical and clinical settings and built a solid foundation for further development. These studies have greatly informed the protective mechanisms of reducing Lyme disease burdens and ending the endemic of this disease.
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