Effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) with resistance exercise on musculoskeletal health in older adults: a narrative review

Background: Aging leads to a number of structural and physiological deficits such as loss of muscle mass and strength. Strength training at similar to 70% of 1 repetition max (RM) is recommended to prevent age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. However, most older adults may not be able to perform 70% of 1RM or higher intensity. An alternative exercise training program combining low intensity resistance exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) can result in similar acute and chronic benefits to skeletal muscles in older adults. Main body and short conclusion; The potential mechanisms involved are discussed, and include reactive hyperaemia, metabolic stress, and hypoxia. Key issues and safety with the use of BFR in older adults, especially those with chronic conditions are also discussed. Although there has been no reported evidence to suggest that BFR elevates the risk of clinical complications any more than high intensity exercise, it is recommended for individuals to be medically cleared of any cardiovascular risks, prior to engaging in BFR exercise.

Automated summary

Aging leads to loss of muscle mass and strength, and strength training at 70% 1RM or higher intensity is recommended for older adults. However, many older adults may not be able to perform at such intensity. A training program combining low intensity resistance exercise with blood flow restriction can provide similar muscle benefits for older adults. Safety considerations need to be taken when using BFR in older adults.